| 根土空间对花生生长发育和产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔晓明,张亚如,张娜,张晓军,赵长星,王铭伦,王月福.根土空间对花生生长发育和产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2016(3):141-146. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔晓明 张亚如 张娜 张晓军 赵长星 王铭伦 王月福 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛农业大学，山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室，山东 青岛 266109 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31271657)；国家花生产业技术体系项目(Nycytx-19)；山东省花生现代产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-05-022-05)；山东省农业良种工程项目；国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11 B04) |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确花生生长过程中是否存在生长冗余,探讨花生高产的适宜生长度,以高产花生品种青花7号为试材,设长×宽×深分别为40 cm×20 cm×20 cm、40 cm×20 cm×40 cm、40 cm×20 cm×60 cm、40 cm×20 cm×80 cm4种规格不等的根土空间,采用网袋法,研究了根系生长空间对花生生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,随着根土空间增大,株高逐渐增高,分枝数逐渐增多,根系干质量和茎叶干质量逐渐增大,其生育进程的推进差异越来越大。根土空间过小显著影响各时间段花生开花数、下针和结果;根土空间过大则中前期开花数、下针和结果少,中后期开花数、下针和结果多;适当的根土空间(如限根深度60 cm)则中前期开花数、下针和结果多,中后期开花数、下针少。说明根土空间过小影响产量提高的主要原因是生长量不足,而根土空间过大影响产量提高的主要原因是冗余生长。适当空间则既能保证足够的生长量,产生的冗余生长又少,从而提高荚果产量和籽仁产量,为花生高产新品种的选育和栽培提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 花生 根土空间 生长发育 产量 冗余生长 |
Effects of Soil Root-growing Space on Growth and Yield of Peanut |
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| Abstract: | In order to determine the existence of growth redundancy in peanut growth process,explore the opti-mum length of high yield of peanut.With high-yield peanut varieties-Qinghua 7 as the material,set 4 kinds of size space,length × width ×deep was 40 cm ×20 cm ×20 cm,40 cm ×20 cm ×40 cm,40 cm ×20 cm ×60 cm,40 cm ×20 cm ×80 cm,respectively.Using the method of mesh bag,studied the root growth space effect on growth and yield of peanut.The result showed that with the increase of soil root-growing space,the plant height,branching num-ber and the dry weight of the roots and leaves increased gradually,the difference was more significant with the ad-vancement of growth process.The smaller soil root-growing space significantly influenced flowers,needles and pods of peanut in each period;the larger soil root-growing space reduced the number of flowers,needles and pods in the early-middle period,and increased the numbers in the middle-late period;the moderate soil root-growing space (limiting the depth of root 60 cm)had an opposite tendency to the larger soil root-growing space.The smaller soil root-growing space leaded to the lack of growth,and the larger soil root-growing space leaded to the redundancy growth,which hindered the production.Moderate soil root-growing space was a guarantee of enough growth,less re-dundant growth,and improved the pod yield and seed yield.That′s provided atheoretical basis for breeding and cul-tivation of high-yielding. |
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| Keywords: | Peanut Soil root-growing space Growth and development Yield Redundancy growth |
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