| 光纤计数式油菜精量排种器种子流检测系统研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张甜,蒋乐,李兆东,谢瑞,王韦韦,陈永新.光纤计数式油菜精量排种器种子流检测系统研究[J].农业机械学报,2023,54(1):64-74，145. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张甜 蒋乐 李兆东 谢瑞 王韦韦 陈永新 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（51805004）、国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD2301402）和安徽省自然科学基金项目（2008085QE217） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对油菜精量播种作业速度提高导致种子流检测精度下降的问题，设计了一种光纤计数式油菜精量排种器种子流检测系统，由光纤计数式传感器、核心控制模块、降压模块、无线通信模块和网页终端组成。阐述了光纤计数传感器的种子流检测原理，运用质点运动学理论构建了种子与导种管接触运动力学模型，明确了该传感器的响应时间。系统工作时，通过光纤传感器检测下落的种子流对光纤进行遮挡产生的电压信号，通过不同模块对信号进行降压、收集、传输并结合终端进行实时显示与储存。选用华油杂62油菜种子为试验材料，以六度空间振动台为试验平台搭载油菜精量排种器，以振动频率、种盘转速和工作负压为试验因素，各行排种量及各行排量一致性变异系数的相对偏差为评价指标，开展了传感器精度试验、检测系统性能试验及田间试验。试验结果表明：单、双粒检测试验结果相对偏差最大为3.67%;各行排种量的实际值与检测值的相对偏差不超过4.0%;各行排量一致性变异系数的相对偏差不超过1.0%。田间试验表明油菜种子的播种量检测相对偏差不超过8.0%,系统整体误差较小，可为进一步开展油菜精量播种作业质量评价系统研究提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 油菜精量排种器 种子流检测 光纤计数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/8/10 0:00:00 |
Seed Flow Detection System of Optical Fiber Counting Rapeseed Precision Metering Device |
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| ZHANG Tian,JIANG Le,LI Zhaodong,XIE Rui,WANG Weiwei,CHEN Yongxin.Seed Flow Detection System of Optical Fiber Counting Rapeseed Precision Metering Device[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):64-74，145. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Tian JIANG Le LI Zhaodong XIE Rui WANG Weiwei CHEN Yongxin |
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| Institution: | Anhui Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | A fiber counting type rapeseed precision seed metering device seed flow detection system was designed to solve the problem that the accuracy of seed flow detection was reduced as the speed of rapeseed precision seeding was increased. It consisted of an optical fiber counting sensor, a core control module, a step-down module, a wireless communication module, and a Web terminal. The seed flow detection mechanism of the optical fiber counting sensor was elucidated, as well as the particle kinematics theory was used to develop the contact kinematic model of the seed and seed tube, and the sensor''s reaction time was also clarified. The voltage signal was created by blocking the optical fiber by sensing the falling seed flow via the optical fiber sensor while the system was operational. The signal was then depressurized, collected, transported through many modules, and integrated with the terminal for display and storage in real time. Huayouza 62 rapeseed seeds were chosen as the test material, and a six-degree space vibration table fitted with a pneumatic precision seed metering device served as the test platform. As test factors, vibration frequency, seed plate speed, and working negative pressure were used. The relative deviation of the coefficient of variation of the displacement consistency was used as the evaluation index, and sensor accuracy tests, detection system performance tests, and field tests were done. The results of the test indicated that the relative deviation of single and double-grain detection test results was no more than 3.67%;the relative deviation between the actual value of the seed quantity in each row and the detected value did not exceed 4.0%;and the relative deviation of the coefficient of variation of each row did not exceed 1.0%. The results of the field test indicated that the relative deviation of rapeseed detection did not exceed 8.0%. The overall error of the system was small, providing a technical basis for future research on the quality evaluation system of precision rapeseed seeding operations. |
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| Keywords: | rapeseed precision seed meter seed flow detection fiber counting |
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