| 磁流体改性制备磁性肉骨生物炭及其对Cd2+的吸附特性 |
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| 引用本文： | 乔洪涛,李海龙,赵保卫,张先庭,贺瑞青,杨刚.磁流体改性制备磁性肉骨生物炭及其对Cd2+的吸附特性[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(12):199-206. |
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| 作者姓名： | 乔洪涛 李海龙 赵保卫 张先庭 贺瑞青 杨刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.忻州师范学院化学系，忻州 034000;2.兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院，兰州 730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（21167007，21467013，51766008）；山西省高等学校科技创新项目（2019L0836）；忻州市科技局项目（20190404）；忻州师范学院科研项目（2018KY10） |
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| 摘 要： | 病死水产品（以非正常死亡鲤鱼为例）制成肉骨生物炭（Carp meat bone Biochar，CBC）应用于Cd2+污染修复，是试现水产养殖废弃物无害化、减量化和资源化处置的新途径。采用磁流体对CBC进行改性制备磁性肉骨生物炭（Magnetic Carp meat bone Biochar，MCBC），并考察磁流体改性对CBC理化性质的影响；采用批平衡试验、微观结构分析和顺序提取试验，探究了MCBC对Cd2+的吸附特性。结果表明，磁流体改性能使Fe3O4在CBC表面较为均匀分布，并使CBC对Cd2+的吸附量提高160%；MCBC对Cd2+的吸附符合准二级动力学、Diffusion-Chemisorption、Freundlich和Temkin吸附模型。MCBC对Cd2+的吸附机理主要以离子交换、沉淀、静电吸附和含氧官能团络合为主；顺序提取试验表明Cd2+在MCBC上的存在形态主要为可交换态（占总吸附量48.4%）和酸可提取态（占总吸附量29.5%）；研究结果将为磁性生物炭的制备及其对重金属Cd2+污染的修复提供一定的理论参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物炭 磁流体 磁性肉骨生物炭 吸附 Cd2+ Cd2+形态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/2/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/5/29 0:00:00 |
Preparation of magnetic meat and bone meal biochar modified by magnetic fluid and its adsorption properties for Cd2+ |
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| Qiao Hongtao,Li Hailong,Zhao Baowei,Zhang Xianting,He Ruiqing,Yang Gang.Preparation of magnetic meat and bone meal biochar modified by magnetic fluid and its adsorption properties for Cd2+[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(12):199-206. |
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| Authors: | Qiao Hongtao Li Hailong Zhao Baowei Zhang Xianting He Ruiqing Yang Gang |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000 China;;2.School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Aquaculture scale and aquatic products are rapidly rising in recent years, particularly with the increasing intensive level of aquaculture industry in the world. A large number of by-products (waste biomass) are inevitably generated during processing, including abnormally dead aquatic products, residual bait, and feces. Most waste biomass is normally buried or incinerated, resulting in the waste of biomass energy and environmental pollution in the risk of zoonotic diseases. Fortunately, the pyrolysis of waste biomass into the meat-and-bone-meal (MBM) biochar has widely been used for the treatment of heavy metal pollution. Therefore, this study aims to propose a new treatment for the reduction, harmlessness, and resource disposal of waste biomass in the aquaculture industry. Taking the abnormal death of carp as an example, the carp meat-bone-meal biochar (CBC) was prepared. The magnetic fluid was selected to control the type and particle size of loaded iron oxide, thereby modifying the CBC for the magnetic carp meat-bone-meal biochar (MCBC). An investigation was also made on the effects of magnetic fluid modification on the physicochemical properties of MCBC. A series of batch equilibrium and sequential extraction tests were carried out to explore the adsorption characteristics of MCBC for Cd2+ under various microstructural characterization. The results showed that there was a much more uniform surface of Fe3O4 loading on the CBC in the magnetic fluid, while the adsorption efficiency of Cd2+ increased by 160%. MCBC presented a much larger specific surface area, the total pore volume, the average pore size, and surface charge, compared with CBC. The adsorption equilibrium time of MCBC for Cd2+ decreased from 180 to 90 min, as the initial concentration of Cd2+ increased from 50 to 100 mg/L. The adsorption was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetics and diffusion-chemisorption adsorption models. An intra-particle diffusion model demonstrated that the adsorption of Cd2+ by MCBC presented a continuous multi-stage process, including the rapid diffusion of liquid film, slow diffusion of intra particle, and final adsorption/desorption equilibrium, indicating that the intra particle diffusion was not the only rate control step. Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were utilized to better simulate the isothermal adsorption behavior. The saturated adsorption capacity of MCBC for Cd2+ using Langmuir equation was 74.6-96.2 mg/g at different adsorption temperatures. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics showed that the adsorption of Cd on MCBC was a combination of various mechanisms, where the adsorption was mainly using chemical action. The adsorption mechanisms of Cd2+ on MCBC were mainly dominated by ion exchange, precipitation, electrostatic adsorption, and surface oxygen-containing functional group complexation. A sequential extraction test demonstrated that the current forms of Cd2+ on MCBC were exchangeable fraction (48.4%), acid extractable fraction (29.5%), stable fraction (21.8%), and water-soluble fraction (0.3%), indicating that the Cd2+ was predominantly adsorbed on MCBC as exchangeable and acid extractable. The finding can provide a potential theoretical reference for the resource utilization of aquaculture industry wastes and the remediation of heavy metal pollution. |
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| Keywords: | biochar magnetic fluid magnetic meat and bone meal biochar adsorption Cd2+ Cd2+ speciation |
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