An on-farm approach to quantify yield variation and to derive decision rules for site-specific weed management |
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| Authors: | C Ritter D Dicke M Weis H Oebel H P Piepho A Büchse R Gerhards |
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| Institution: | 1.Weed Science Department, Institute of Phytomedicine,University of Hohenheim,Stuttgart,Germany;2.Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation,Bonn,Germany;3.Department of Bioinformatics,Institute of Crop Production and Grasslands Research,Stuttgart,Germany |
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| Abstract: | Grain yield often varies within agricultural fields as a result of the variation in soil characteristics, competition from
weeds, management practices and their causal interactions. To implement appropriate management decisions, yield variability
needs to be explained and quantified. A new experimental design was established and tested in a field experiment to detect
yield variation in relation to the variation in soil quality, the heterogeneity of weed distribution and weed control within
a field. Weed seedling distribution and density, apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) and grain yield were recorded and mapped in a 3.5 ha winter wheat field during 2005 and 2006. A linear mixed model with
an anisotropic spatial correlation structure was used to estimate the effect of soil characteristics, weed competition and
herbicide treatment on crop yield. The results showed that all properties had a strong effect on grain yield. By adding herbicide
costs and current grain price into the model, thresholds of weed density were derived for site-specific weed control. This
experimental approach enables the variation of yield within agricultural fields to be explained, and an understanding of the
effects on yield of the factors that affect it and their causal interactions to be gained. The approach can be applied to
improve decision algorithms for the patch spraying of weeds. |
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| Keywords: | Weed distribution Soil variation Weed control thresholds Herbicide injury Geostatistics |
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