| 设施条件下青菜间作大豆或芋艿控制斜纹夜蛾效果及对捕食性天敌多样性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 万年峰,蒋杰贤,季香云.设施条件下青菜间作大豆或芋艿控制斜纹夜蛾效果及对捕食性天敌多样性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(2):236-241. |
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| 作者姓名： | 万年峰 蒋杰贤 季香云 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室 上海 201403 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAK69B18)、上海市重大科技攻关项目(08DZ1900401, 08DZ1900402)、上海市科技兴农重大项目[沪农科重字(2010)第4-1号]和上海市科技攻关专项(10DZ1960100) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨设施菜田间作控制害虫斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)的效果及对捕食性天敌多样性的影响,以在上海市浦东新区设施菜田设置的青菜间作大豆或芋艿为处理,以非间作设施青菜田为对照,对间作作物大豆或芋艿植株上诱集到的斜纹夜蛾幼虫和卵块进行了调查,并对各处理区和对照区青菜田捕食性天敌群落结构特征进行系统调查和分析。结果表明,在调查期内(7~9月),每100株大豆和芋艿诱集斜纹夜蛾幼虫分别为1 098.84±107.50头和1 260.78±126.16头,诱集斜纹夜蛾卵块数分别为17.45±1.31个和20.76±1.81个;与非间作青菜田相比,青菜田间作大豆或芋艿后斜纹夜蛾种群数量分别减少37.83%或45.89%;间作大豆或芋艿青菜田捕食性天敌分别隶属5目21科31种和5目21科32种,而非间作青菜田隶属5目19科26种;非间作青菜田捕食性天敌的优势种为拟环纹狼蛛(Lycosa pseudoamulata)和草间小黑蛛(Erigonidium graminicolum),而间作大豆或芋艿后天敌优势种群均为拟水狼蛛(Pirata subpiraticus)、拟环纹狼蛛(Lycosa pseudoamulata)和草间小黑蛛(Erigonidium graminicolum);间作大豆青菜田捕食性天敌的个体数量、丰富度、多样性指数分别为91.22±4.91头.100株?1、29.74±0.30、4.53±0.03,较非间作青菜田分别增加58.70%、25.27%、10.60%;间作芋艿青菜田捕食性天敌的个体数量、丰富度、多样性指数分别为92.09±5.03头.100株?1、29.96±0.35、4.54±0.03,较非间作青菜田分别增加60.21%、26.19%、11.00%。本研究结论可为上海地区发展设施青菜田间作大豆或芋艿种植模式提供参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 设施菜田 间作 斜纹夜蛾 捕食性天敌 优势种 多样性 丰富度 青菜 大豆 芋艿 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/4/27 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/10/28 0:00:00 |
Effect of Brassica chinensis intercropping with Glycine max or Colocasia esculenta on Spodoptera litura and natural enemy predatory diversity in protected vegetable fields |
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| WAN Nian-Feng,JIANG Jie-Xian and JI Xiang-Yun.Effect of Brassica chinensis intercropping with Glycine max or Colocasia esculenta on Spodoptera litura and natural enemy predatory diversity in protected vegetable fields[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2012,20(2):236-241. |
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| Authors: | WAN Nian-Feng JIANG Jie-Xian and JI Xiang-Yun |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Ecological Environment Protection Research,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201403,China) |
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| Abstract: | Appropriate intercropping systems could promote crop yield and quality, alleviate disease and insect pest damages, enhance multiple crop index and facilitate efficient utilization of sunlight, heat, water, air, fertilizer, etc. An experiment was therefore conducted in a protected horticulture park in Pudong District, Shanghai Municipality (with location coordinates of 121.70°E, 31.19°N) to determine the effects of intercropped host plants soybeans (Glycine max) and taros (Colocasia esculenta)] in Brassica chinensis field on Spodoptera litura vegetable insect-pest and structural characteristics of natural predatory enemies. Protected vegetable fields with row-intercropped soybeans or taros were the main treatments and protected mono-cultured B. chinensis field was the control (CK) in the experiment. Trapped individual larvae and eggs in soybeans and taros were counted and natural predatory enemy community structure characteristics systematical analyzed. The results indicated that during the July-to-September investigation period, 100 plants of soybeans and taros trapped 1 098.84±107.50 and 1 260.78±126.16 larvae, respectively. 100 plants of soybeans and taros also trapped 17.45±1.31 and 20.76±1.81 individual eggs, respectively. Compared with CK, S. litura population in protected vegetable fields with intercropped soybeans and taros decreased by 37.83% and 45.89%, respectively. There were 31 natural predatory enemy species belonging to 21 families and 5 orders in protected vegetable fields with intercropped soybeans. Also 32 natural predatory enemy species belonging to 21 families and 5 orders were in protected vegetable fields with intercropped taros. The CK fields had 26 natural predatory enemy species belonging to 19 families and 5 orders. The dominant natural predatory enemy species were Lycosa pseudoamulata and Erigonidium graminicolum in CK fields and L. pseudoamulata, E. graminicolum and Pirata subpiraticus in protected vegetable fields with intercropped soybeans and taros. The individual number per-100-plant, richness and diversity index of natural predatory enemies in protected vegetable fields with intercropped soybeans were 91.22±4.91, 29.74±0.30 and 4.53±0.03, respectively, representing increases of 58.70%, 25.27% and 10.60% over CK. Also the individual number per-100-plant, richness and diversity index of natural predatory enemies in protected vegetable fields with intercropped taros were 92.09±5.03, 29.96±0.35 and 4.54±0.03, respectively, representing increases of 60.21%, 26.19% and 11.00% over CK. Based on the study, vegetable intercropping with soybeans or taros was a potential mode of controlling S. litura and facilitating the effect of natural predatory enemies on insect pests. These intercropping systems were not only beneficial to arthropod community diversity and stability, but were also an environmental friendly agro-ecosystem. |
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| Keywords: | Facilities vegetable Intercropping Spodoptera litura Natural predatory enemy Dominant species Diversity Richness Brassica chinensis L Soybean (Glycine max L ) Taro (Colocasia esculenta L ) |
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