ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis,classification, treatment,and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs |
| |
| Authors: | Carol Reinero Lance C Visser Heidi B Kellihan Isabelle Masseau Elizabeth Rozanski Cécile Clercx Kurt Williams Jonathan Abbott Michele Borgarelli Brian A Scansen |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri;2. Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California;3. Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin;4. Department of Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada;5. Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts;6. Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals and Equine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;7. Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan;8. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee;9. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia;10. Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado |
| |
| Abstract: | Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by increased pressure within the pulmonary vasculature, is a hemodynamic and pathophysiologic state present in a wide variety of cardiovascular, respiratory, and systemic diseases. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide a multidisciplinary approach to guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of PH in dogs. Comprehensive evaluation including consideration of signalment, clinical signs, echocardiographic parameters, and results of other diagnostic tests supports the diagnosis of PH and allows identification of associated underlying conditions. Dogs with PH can be classified into the following 6 groups: group 1, pulmonary arterial hypertension; group 2, left heart disease; group 3, respiratory disease/hypoxia; group 4, pulmonary emboli/pulmonary thrombi/pulmonary thromboemboli; group 5, parasitic disease (Dirofilaria and Angiostrongylus); and group 6, disorders that are multifactorial or with unclear mechanisms. The approach to treatment of PH focuses on strategies to decrease the risk of progression, complications, or both, recommendations to target underlying diseases or factors contributing to PH, and PH-specific treatments. Dogs with PH should be monitored for improvement, static condition, or progression, and any identified underlying disorder should be addressed and monitored simultaneously. |
| |
| Keywords: | echocardiography pulmonary arterial hypertension respiratory disease tricuspid regurgitation velocity |
|
|
