| 通过施用碱性矿渣和作物残茬生物炭以促进酸性老成土中盐基饱并降低土壤酸度 |
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| 作者姓名： | M. M. MASUD LI Jiu-Yu XU Ren-Kou |
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| 基金项目： | Supported by the National Basic Research Program （973 Program） of China （No. 2014CB441003） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 41271010）. |
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| 摘 要： | This investigation was conducted by using alkaline slag and crop straw biochars to reduce acidity of an acidic Ultisol through incubation and pot experiments with lime as a comparison. The soil was amended with different liming materials： lime（1 g kg^-1）,alkaline slag（2 and 4 g kg^-1）, peanut straw biochar（10 and 20 g kg^-1）, canola straw biochar（10 and 20 g kg^-1） and combinations of alkaline slag（2 g kg^-1） and biochars（10 g kg^-1） in the incubation study. A pot experiment was also conducted to observe the soybean growth responses to the above treatments. The results showed that all the liming materials increased soil p H and decreased soil exchangeable acidity. The higher the rates of alkaline slag, biochars, and alkaline slag combined with biochars, the greater the increase in soil p H and the reduction in soil exchangeable acidity. All the amendments increased the levels of one or more soil exchangeable base cations. The lime treatment increased soil exchangeable Ca^2＋, the alkaline slag treatment increased exchangeable Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ levels, and the biochars and combined applications of alkaline slag with biochars increased soil exchangeable Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ and K^＋ and soil available P. The amendments enhanced the uptake of one or more nutrients of N, P, K, Ca and Mg by soybean in the pot experiment. Of the different amendments, the combined application of alkaline slag with crop straw biochars was the best choice for increasing base saturation and reducing soil acidity of the acidic Ultisol. The combined application of alkaline slag with biochars led to the greatest reduction in soil acidity, increased soil Ca, Mg, K and P levels, and enhanced the uptake of Ca, Mg, K and P by soybean plants.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤酸度 盐基饱和度 农作物秸秆 碱性渣 酸性 交换性钙 石灰处理 残渣 |
| 收稿时间： | 30 June 2014 |
Use of alkaline slag and crop residue biochars to promote base saturation and reduce acidity of an acidic Ultisol |
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| M. M. MASUD,LI Jiu-Yu,XU Ren-Kou.Use of alkaline slag and crop residue biochars to promote base saturation and reduce acidity of an acidic Ultisol[J].Pedosphere,2014,24(6):791-798. |
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| Authors: | M M MASUD LI Jiu-Yu and XU Ren-Kou |
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| Institution: | 1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China)
2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China) |
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| Abstract: | This investigation was conducted by using alkaline slag and crop straw biochars to reduce acidity of an acidic Ultisol through incubation and pot experiments with lime as a comparison. The soil was amended with different liming materials: lime (1 g kg-1), alkaline slag (2 and 4 g kg-1), peanut straw biochar (10 and 20 g kg-1), canola straw biochar (10 and 20 g kg-1) and combinations of alkaline slag (2 g kg-1) and biochars (10 g kg-1) in the incubation study. A pot experiment was also conducted to observe the soybean growth responses to the above treatments. The results showed that all the liming materials increased soil pH and decreased soil exchangeable acidity. The higher the rates of alkaline slag, biochars, and alkaline slag combined with biochars, the greater the increase in soil pH and the reduction in soil exchangeable acidity. All the amendments increased the levels of one or more soil exchangeable base cations. The lime treatment increased soil exchangeable Ca2+, the alkaline slag treatment increased exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels, and the biochars and combined applications of alkaline slag with biochars increased soil exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ and soil available P. The amendments enhanced the uptake of one or more nutrients of N, P, K, Ca and Mg by soybean in the pot experiment. Of the different amendments, the combined application of alkaline slag with crop straw biochars was the best choice for increasing base saturation and reducing soil acidity of the acidic Ultisol. The combined application of alkaline slag with biochars led to the greatest reduction in soil acidity, increased soil Ca, Mg, K and P levels, and enhanced the uptake of Ca, Mg, K and P by soybean plants. |
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| Keywords: | alkaline amendment exchangeable acidity exchangeable base cation soil pH soybean growth |
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