| 山西省北部地区樟子松引种情况的调查 |
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| 引用本文： | 李文荣.山西省北部地区樟子松引种情况的调查[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),1983(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 李文荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学林学系 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文对山西北部地区15年来引种樟子松的情况与现状作了全面调查。结果表明,引种地区与原产地的现实生态条件基本上是接近的。惟年蒸发量与降水量相比,较原产地高出1—2倍,使其成为我省北部引种樟子松的主导生态因子。因此,在引种樟子松育苗造林时,采取复土防寒,防止生理干旱,是引种成败的关键技术措施。樟子松在山西北部地区生长发育正常,高生长比原产地大17—90%,部分植株在10年生试花结果,根系极为发达,适于干旱地区生长。因此,樟子松在山西北部引种是成功的,对丰富我省树种资源和绿化北部干旱风沙和黄土丘陵区以及解决土石山区阳坡造林均有一定意义。引种的技术,除了必须进行复土防寒外;应避免在过碱性的下湿地种植;并且勿施碱性肥,以免加重土壤碱化;在育苗翌春,换床稀植,培育壮苗,是提高造林成活率的有效措施。引种种子来源的产地不明,应立即进行系统种源试验,为进一步发展樟子松提供科学依据。
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AN INVESTIGATION ON THE SITUATION OF INTRODUCTION OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS VAR.MONGOLICA IN THE NORTHERN AREA OF SHANXI PROVINCE |
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| Abstract: | This paper deals with the 15-years situation and present condition of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica all-sidedly in the northern area,Shanxi province,and the contrast analysis have been made between the real eccolo- gical condition of recipient region and that of original region.We have discovered dominant ecological factor and the key to corresponding introdu- tion technique. Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica is a variety of Scotch Pine(Pinus sylve- stris).It distributed in the northern region of the Greater Xing'an moun- tains and Hailaer high plateau(about in latitude 47°—53°N).It was introduced to the northern area,Shanxi province(about in latitude 39°-40°N)the real ecological condition of which is similar to that of original region.In gene- ral the climatic condition of recipient region is 7°—13°lower than that of original region.But the evaporation-precipitation ratio in recipient region is one or two times higher than that in original region,which becomes dominant ecological factor of introduction in the northern area,Shanxi pro- vince.Therefore,when we raised seedlings and forested,it was technical key to introduction to cover seedlings with earth,in order to prevent them from frost-heaving and physiological drought. Now Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica is growing and developing regularly in the northern part of Shanxi,its height growth is 17—90% bigger than that in original region.Some 10-year-old plants which have strong root sys- tem,have bear flowers and fruits.All these demonstrated that Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica is adaptable to grow in dry region.The success of introduction of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica has profound significan- ce in enriching the resources of trees species in our province;in making the northern sandy dry area and loess area green;in solving the problem of afforesting on the southern slope in the rocky mountains district. Besides covering seedling with earth,the other technical measures should be taken:They are,(1)The seedling should not be planted on the damp super-alkaline land.(2)The alkali fertilizer should not be applied to avoid deepening alkalization.(3)Next spring,the seedlings should be trans- planted to another nursery bed in order to make them strong,it is a effective measure to raise the survival percent of forestation. As the origin of seeds introduced was unkown,we should make proven- ance tests systematically at once,so that we can furnish the scientific foundation for the further development of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica. |
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