| 汶川震区哈尔木沟堵河型泥石流灾害特征与防治方法 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄海,谢忠胜,石胜伟,佘涛.汶川震区哈尔木沟堵河型泥石流灾害特征与防治方法[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):327-332,337. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄海 谢忠胜 石胜伟 佘涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所;中国地质调查局地质灾害防治技术中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目“西南山区重大泥石流灾害调查与防治”(12120113011000) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]分析汶川震区哈尔木沟堵河型泥石流灾害特征,为堵河型泥石流灾害防治提供借鉴。方法]通过震后历次泥石流跟踪调查,分析哈尔木沟地质环境演变过程。利用雨洪法等计算了泥石流运动特征参数,并采用经验公式计算了不同频率的泥石流堵河可能性。结果]哈尔木沟泥石流流体特性、交汇条件和主河水文条件均有利于泥石流堵河,4个经验公式计算均显示,P=1%(100年一遇泥石流)以上规模的泥石流有严重堵河风险。对哈尔木沟治理工程运行情况进行跟踪调查分析,发现经过3个水文年共7次泥石流灾害的检验,治理工程防灾效果明显,但同时还存在拦挡工程平面布局不合理、坝肩渗流、溢流口淤积、排导槽冲刷损毁等问题,影响了防治工程的安全可靠度及防灾效果。结论]针对哈尔木沟泥石流发育特征,应通过增设拦挡工程,修复加固排导槽等方法进行治理。
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| 关 键 词： | 泥石流 堵塞主河 活动特征 防治方法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/2/26 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/3/10 0:00:00 |
Characteristics and Countermeasures of River-blocking Debris Flow of Haermu Gully in Wenchuan Area After Earthquake |
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| HUANG Hai,XIE Zhongsheng,SHI Shengwei and SHE Tao.Characteristics and Countermeasures of River-blocking Debris Flow of Haermu Gully in Wenchuan Area After Earthquake[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,35(1):327-332,337. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Hai XIE Zhongsheng SHI Shengwei and SHE Tao |
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| Institution: | HUANG Hai;XIE Zhongsheng;SHI Shengwei;SHE Tao;Institute of Exploration Technology,CAGS;Technical Center for Geological Hazard Prevention and Control,CGS; |
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| Abstract: | Objective] To provide reference for disaster prevention and control of river-blocking debris flow of Haermu gully in Wenchuan area after earthquake.Methods] By in-situ investigation, the changes of geological environment was analyzed systematically based on the formation of debris flows after Wenchuan Earthquake. The possible size of the debris flow under different rain frequencies was studied. We used four experience formulae to evaluate the risk of debris flow.Results] The characteristics of debris flow, confluence condition and hydrologic condition of main river were conducive to debris flow blocking the river. Calculated by the 4 empirical equations, it was indicated that there was risk of river blocking when P=1% and above. After the comprehensive treatment for 7 debris flows within 3 years, significant improvement have been achieved. However, issues such as project layout unreasonable, abutment seepage, overflow port siltation, erosion damage to drainage canal still existed.Conclusion] To solve those issues, we suggested that more check dams need to be built and drainage canal need to be reinforced in the future. |
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| Keywords: | debris flow blocking river activity characteristics countermeasures |
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