| 同源四倍体胡萝卜的减数分裂行为观察 |
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| 引用本文： | 裴红霞,庄飞云,欧承刚,赵志伟.同源四倍体胡萝卜的减数分裂行为观察[J].园艺学报,2008,35(12):1809-1814. |
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| 作者姓名： | 裴红霞 庄飞云 欧承刚 赵志伟 |
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| 作者单位： | （中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京100081） |
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| 摘 要： | 以花药培养获得的同源四倍体胡萝卜（2n=4x=36）植株为试材，对其花粉母细胞减数分裂行为观察，发现其与正常二倍体胡萝卜存在较大差异：前减数分裂间期及前期Ⅰ发现部分花粉母细胞具有多核仁现象；终变期、中期Ⅰ除二价体外，还观察到单价体及多价体联会形式；中期Ⅰ、中期Ⅱ，分别有23.00%和32.29%细胞存在一些染色体（1～6条）未排在赤道板上；中期Ⅰ染色体平均构型为0.86Ⅰ+4.01Ⅱ+2.99Ⅲ+1.89Ⅳ+0.81Ⅴ+1.09Ⅵ；后期Ⅰ、后期Ⅱ均观察到落后染色体或染色体桥现象，以及染色体分离多极化现象。由于其异常减数分裂行为，造成了四倍体胡萝卜的配子多样化，花粉畸形，育性低。
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| 关 键 词： | 胡萝卜 同源四倍体 减数分裂 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-8-6 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008-11-3 |
Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cells of Autotetraploid Carrot |
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PEI Hong-xia,ZHUANG Fei-yun,OU Cheng-gang,ZHAO Zhi-wei
.Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cells of Autotetraploid Carrot[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2008,35(12):1809-1814. |
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| Authors: | PEI Hong-xia ZHUANG Fei-yun OU Cheng-gang ZHAO Zhi-wei
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| Institution: | (Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China) |
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| Abstract: | Chromosomes behaviors of pollen mother cells (PMCs) of autotetraploid carrot (2n=4x=36) were observed using enzymes digestion technique. There were more than two nucleoli in about 4.58% PMCs at premeiotic interphase and prophaseⅠ. Besides bivalents, univalents and multivalents were observed at diakinesis and metaphaseⅠ. Some chromosomes (about 1 to 6) were found not to rank on the metaphase plate in about 23.0% PMCs at metaphaseⅠand 32.3% PMCs at metaphaseⅡ, respectively. The average chromosome configuration was 0.86Ⅰ+4.01Ⅱ+2.99Ⅲ+1.89Ⅳ+0.81Ⅴ+1.09Ⅵ. Chromosome lagging, chromosome bridge and spindle mis-orientation were also observed. Abnormal chromosome behavior of PMCs was reason for polymorphism of male gametophytes and lower fertility of pollen in autotetraploid carrot. |
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| Keywords: | carrot autotetraploid meiosis |
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