| 从叶分析结果试论提高我国几种落叶果树产量和品质的问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 李港丽,苏润宇,沈隽.从叶分析结果试论提高我国几种落叶果树产量和品质的问题[J].中国农业科学,1988,21(2):56-63. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李港丽 苏润宇 沈隽 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京农业大学 |
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| 摘 要： | 叶分析是世界上一门成功地应用于农业生产实践的科学技术。它的研究与推广，对于发展果树生产、节约能源、提高产品在国际市场的竞争力具有重要意义。从我国北方几个主要果产区的叶分析资料绘制的营养诊断图看出，树体内普遍存在相当严重的营养不平衡问题，如：磷、钾、铁、锰、锌偏低，镁、铜偏高等，这种不平衡可能大大限制了果树产量，尤其是品质的提高。若能注意从开源、节流、平衡诸方面入手改革栽培管理措施，提高树体营养水平，调节元素间的平衡关系及其在树体不同器官内的分配，当可充分发挥品种的生产潜力，提高我国果树的产量和品质。
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| 关 键 词： | 叶分析 营养状况 苹果 梨 桃 葡萄 |
THE PROSPECT OF IMPROVING THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME MAJOR FRUITS IN CHINA AS SEEN FROM THE RESULTS OF LEAF ANALYSIS |
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| Li Gangli Su Runyu Shen Tsuin.THE PROSPECT OF IMPROVING THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME MAJOR FRUITS IN CHINA AS SEEN FROM THE RESULTS OF LEAF ANALYSIS[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,1988,21(2):56-63. |
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| Authors: | Li Gangli Su Runyu Shen Tsuin |
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| Abstract: | In 1982-1985, leaf samples of apples, pears, peaches and grapes were collected from different orchards in Beijing Municipality, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and Xinjiang Provinces and analyzed for the contents of N,P,K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and B. Meanwhile, soil samples separately from 0-20 and 20-40 cm were collected in the same orchards and under the same trees from which leaf samples were collected. These were analyzed for the organic matter, pH value, HCO_3 content, total N and the available content of the same 10 elements as in leaf analysis.The results of leaf analysis indicated that imbalance between the different mineral elements was of common occurrence. The amount in terms of dry weight was low for P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn, while high for Mg and Cu (apple). Significant correlation have been found between the contents of soil N vs leaf N, soil K vs leaf N, soil Fe vs leaf Fe and soil Mn vs leaf Mn.In light of the results obtainned in these experiments. it was proposed that a change in the fertilization programme and cultural techniques directed towards establishing nutrient balance in the tree may prove to be one of the important measures for improving unit-yield and fruit quality. Guidance for rational fertilization should depend neither on soil analysis nor on leaf analysis alone, but on careful interpretation and integration of the results of both. |
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| Keywords: | Leaf analysis Nutritional status Apple Peach Pear Grape |
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