| 日粮添加甜菜糖蜜提高能量进食水平对新疆褐牛增重性能和瘤胃发酵的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张娟利,莫放,姚刚,陈如龙,杨开伦,杨红建.日粮添加甜菜糖蜜提高能量进食水平对新疆褐牛增重性能和瘤胃发酵的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2021(4):153-158. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张娟利 莫放 姚刚 陈如龙 杨开伦 杨红建 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院;新疆农业大学动物科学学院;新疆天莱牧业有限责任公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆褐牛健康养殖技术集成与产业化示范(2017B01001-2)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 甜菜糖蜜是新疆地区肉牛育肥重要的液体能量饲料资源。本试验旨在研究日粮添加甜菜糖蜜提高能量进食水平对新疆褐牛增重性能和瘤胃发酵的影响。试验选取15月龄、体重(340±5.7) kg的新疆褐牛杂交公牛69头,随机分为对照组(n=35)与试验组(n=34),采用全混合日粮(TMR)饲喂,饲养试验期145 d,对照组日粮中添加3.6%甜菜糖蜜,试验组在对照组日基础上增加10%甜菜糖蜜,对照组与试验组日粮代谢能分别为10.0、13.1 MJ/kg。结果表明:试验组TMR投料宾州筛第3层(>1.18 mm)饲料比例显著高于对照组,其他各层差异不显著;试验组宾州筛第1和2层TMR剩料比例较对照组显著下降,而第3层剩料比例显著升高,表明糖蜜添加后可提高肉牛日粮中麦秸、苜蓿干草摄入量;试验组增加甜菜糖蜜虽然没有改变肉牛干物质采食量,但显著提高了蛋白质进食量;在整个育肥期内,对照组与试验组肉牛体重均呈线性增长模式,试验组平均日增重显著高于对照组(1.21 kg/d vs 1.13 kg/d);尽管对照组与试验组肉牛屠宰率差异不显著,但试验组的耗料增重比显著低于对照组(7.60 vs 8.85)。综上所述,在新疆褐牛育肥过程中,可以通过提高甜菜糖蜜饲喂量来提高日粮能量水平,继而提高育肥增重速度与宰前活重,并显著提高饲料转化效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 甜菜糖蜜 增重性能 体外瘤胃发酵 肉牛育肥 |
Effect of Increasing Dietary Energy Intake by Beet Molasses Addition on Growth Performance and Rumen Fermentation in Xinjiang Brown Bulls |
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| ZHANG Juanli,MO Fang,YAO Gang,CHEN Rulong,YANG Kailong,YANG Hongjian.Effect of Increasing Dietary Energy Intake by Beet Molasses Addition on Growth Performance and Rumen Fermentation in Xinjiang Brown Bulls[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2021(4):153-158. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Juanli MO Fang YAO Gang CHEN Rulong YANG Kailong YANG Hongjian |
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| Institution: | (State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Xinjiang Urumqi 830052;Xinjiang Tianlai Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.Xinjiang Bole 833400,China) |
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| Abstract: | Sugar beet molasses is an important liquid energy feed resource in Xinjiang region of China.A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of increasing dietary energy intake by beet molasses addition on growth performance and rumen fermentation in Xinjiang Brown bulls.Sixty-nine 15-month-old Xinjiang brown bulls with initial body weight(340±5.7 kg)were randomly divided into two groups for 145-day feedlotting.In control group(CT,n=35),dietary 3.6%beet molasses was added and dietary 13.6%beet molasses was added in experimental group(BM,n=34).As a result,dietary metabolizable energy content was 10.0 MJ/kg and 13.1 MJ/kg for CT and BM,respectively.During the feeding period,feed particle size distribution of the TMRs before feeding and their leftovers after feeding was analyzed with the Penn State Particle Separator.The TMR proportion on the third layer(>1.18 mm)was significantly greater in the BM group than CT group(P<0.05),and no significant differences occurred for other layers;Regarding TMR leftovers,the particle proportions of the first(>16 mm)and second(>8 mm)layers were lower in the BM group than the CT group while the particle proportion of the third layer increased significantly in the BM group(P<0.05),suggesting that increasing beet molasses addition can increased the dietary intake of wheat straw and alfalfa hay.Although dry matter intake did not differ between the two groups,increasing beet molasses addition by 10%significantly increases dietary protein intake in the BM group compared with the CT group.During whole feeding period,the beef bulls in both the CT group and the BM group showed a step-wise linear weight gain pattern.The average daily gain was significantly greater in the BM than CT groups(1.21 vs 1.13 kg/d).Although the slaughter rate did not differ between the two groups,the feed-to-gain ratio(F/G)was significantly lower in the BM group than the CT group(7.60 vs 8.85,P<0.05).In a brief,increasing dietary energy intake through increasing beet molasses can increase growth rate and live body weight before slaughter and remarkably increase feed conversion efficiency of Xinjiang Brow beef cattle. |
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| Keywords: | Sugar beet molasses GROWTH performance in vitro rumen fermentation Beef cattle feedotting |
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