Evaluation of Mobility and Dissipation of Mefenoxam and Pendimethalin by Application of CSTR Model and Field Experiments Using Bare and Tobacco Tilled Soil Columns |
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| Authors: | Vassilios Triantafyllidis Dimitra Hela Maria Papadaki Dimitrios Bilalis Ioannis Konstantinou |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Business Administration of Food and Agricultural Products Enterprises, University of Ioannina, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece;(2) Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece;(3) Department of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; |
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| Abstract: | The soil mobility and dissipation of two pesticides with different physicochemical properties, namely mefenoxam, a systemic
fungicide, and pendimethalin a selective herbicide, were determined in bare and tobacco tilled soil columns, which were installed
in field conditions for over 125 days. Soil samples were collected at specific time intervals for a 125-day period and the
rate of pesticide dissipation and leaching through the soil column was studied. The dissipation half-lives of mefenoxam from
the top soil layer in tilled and bare soil columns were estimated at 10.3 and 13.1 days, respectively, while the corresponding
half-lives for pendimethalin were 26.7 and 27.5 days, respectively. The dissipation of mefenoxam and pendimethalin from the
top soil in tobacco cultivation was faster in comparison with bare soil; however, 120 days after their application, both pesticide
residues were detected in the soil. Maximum concentrations of mefenoxam and pendimethalin were observed on the 15th and 33rd day, respectively, in the soil layer of 5–10 cm depth and on the 30th day and 63rd day, respectively, in the soil layer of 10–15 cm depth. Higher concentrations were observed in bare soil columns. The leaching
of both pesticides was simulated with the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in series model. The simulated peak concentration
and peak time for both pesticides fitted reasonably well to the experimental values. |
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