| 不同栽培模式的土壤水热效应对马铃薯产量及结薯规律的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁淑敏,王颖,潘哲超,张磊,徐宁生,李燕山,杨琼芬,李先平,白建明,姚春光,卢丽丽,隋启君.不同栽培模式的土壤水热效应对马铃薯产量及结薯规律的影响[J].作物杂志,2018,34(3):90-13. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁淑敏 王颖 潘哲超 张磊 徐宁生 李燕山 杨琼芬 李先平 白建明 姚春光 卢丽丽 隋启君 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所/云南省马铃薯工程技术研究中心,650205,云南昆明2 农业农村部云贵高原马铃薯与油菜科学观测实验站,650200,云南昆明 |
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| 基金项目： | 云南省科技厅重点新产品开发计划“抗逆、抗病、高产马铃薯新品种选育及产业化开发”(2013BB005);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划“马铃薯优质生产与产业升级技术研究与示范”(2012BAD06B00);云南省科技厅高层次科技人才陪引工程“云南省农业科学院马铃薯育种及种薯产业技术研究省创新团队”(2011CL133) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对云贵高原高海拔冷凉地区马铃薯产量低的问题,通过采取覆膜等栽培措施提高地温以增加产量。为明确该地区最适宜的覆膜模式,通过3年的大田试验,设置4种栽培模式：平播后起垄（A1）、侧膜覆膜（A2）、覆膜覆土（A3）和大垄双行（A4,对照）,分析不同模式对土壤温湿度、产量及发育进程的影响。结果表明,以野马村为代表的云贵高海拔冷凉地区马铃薯全生育期内平均气温为14℃,比最适气温低4℃,土壤湿度>45%,水分不是主要限制因素,而提高地温是增产的关键。覆膜覆土是以野马村为代表的云贵高原高海拔冷凉地区的最适种植模式,可提早结薯9d,增产26.8%,提高商品薯率1.05%。
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| 关 键 词： | 马铃薯 云贵高原 高海拔冷凉地区 栽培模式 土壤水热效应 结薯规律 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-02-12 |
Effects of Soil Moisture and Temperature with Different Cultivation Methods on the Yield and Tuberization of Potato |
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| Shumin Liang,Ying Wang,Zhechao Pan,Lei Zhang,Ningsheng Xu,Yanshan Li,Qiongfen Yang,Xianping Li,Jianming ai,Chunguang Yao,Lili Lu,Qijun Sui.Effects of Soil Moisture and Temperature with Different Cultivation Methods on the Yield and Tuberization of Potato[J].Crops,2018,34(3):90-13. |
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| Authors: | Shumin Liang Ying Wang Zhechao Pan Lei Zhang Ningsheng Xu Yanshan Li Qiongfen Yang Xianping Li Jianming ai Chunguang Yao Lili Lu Qijun Sui |
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| Institution: | 1 Industrial Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, China2 Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Potato and Rapeseed in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China; |
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| Abstract: | Aim ing at solving the problem of low yield of potato in the high altitude and cool area of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, cultivation measures such as film mulching to increase the soil temperature were used for increasing potato yield. In order to clarify the most suitable film mulching mode in this area, four kinds of cultivation modes: double ridges after flat-planting (A1), double ridges plastic film cover with potato planting along the bigger ridge side (A2), double ridges mulching with the soil covering (A3) and double ridges (A4) as control were set up in 3 years field experiment. The effects of different cultivation modes on soil temperature and humidity, yield and development process were analyzed. The results showed that the average temperature during the whole growth period is 14℃ in Yema Village, typical climate area of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and 4℃ lower than the optimum temperature, and soil humidity was higher than 45%, indicating water was not a limited factor. Increasing soil temperature was the key to get higher yield. A3 treatment was the most suitable cultivation mode in the area, which could increase yield by 26.8%, promote forming tubers 9 days early, and improve commodity tuber rate by 1.05%. |
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| Keywords: | Potato Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau High altitude and cool area Cultivation mode Soil hydrothermal effect Tuberization pattern |
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