| 黄淮海旱作区土壤压实度空间分布特征及其影响因素 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李勇,赵云泽,勾宇轩,黄元仿.黄淮海旱作区土壤压实度空间分布特征及其影响因素[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(13):83-91. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李勇 赵云泽 勾宇轩 黄元仿 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院，北京 100193;;1. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院，北京 100193; 2. 自然资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室，北京 100193; |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300801） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 为探究旱作区农田不同层次土壤压实度特征,基于2017年采集的255个土壤样品,运用Mann-Kendall突变检验法、地统计学和冗余分析等方法,探究黄淮海旱作区耕作层和压实层空间分布特征,分析不同层次的土壤压实度的空间变异特性及影响因素,并提出了最佳土壤压实度范围。研究结果表明:旱作区耕作层和压实层厚度均呈现由北向南递增的趋势,耕作层最大厚度可达22.50 cm,最低仅有10.21 cm;压实层厚度最大可达17.50 cm,最小值也达到7.50 cm。从不同层次来看,耕作层和压实层的压实度具有空间分布一致性,耕作层压实度高值区主要分布在河南省东部、安徽北部及河北北部地区,最大值可达87.68%以上,低值区则主要集中在山东西北部以及河北南部地区。和压实层压实度相比,耕作层压实度是影响粮食产量的主要因素,且在70%～80%时获得较高产量。分析表明,土壤压实度受到年降水量、平均气温、土壤自然属性等环境因子和机械耕作等人为因素综合作用的影响。研究结果可为黄淮海农田土壤压实情况的改善及管理措施的科学制定提供理论支撑。
|
| 关 键 词： | 土壤 耕作 旱作区 压实度 耕作层 压实层 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/3/17 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/6/5 0:00:00 |
Spatial distribution characteristics and influence factors of degree of compaction in dry-farming Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China |
| |
| Li Yong,Zhao Yunze,Gou Yuxuan,Huang Yuanfang.Spatial distribution characteristics and influence factors of degree of compaction in dry-farming Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(13):83-91. |
| |
| Authors: | Li Yong Zhao Yunze Gou Yuxuan Huang Yuanfang |
| |
| Institution: | 1. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;; 1. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100193, China; |
| |
| Abstract: | Soil compaction is a major cause of physical degradation in agricultural fields. The degree of Compactness (DC) is a useful parameter to characterize the response of crops to different soils. Taking the degree of compactness as the research object, this study aims to explore the characteristics of soil compaction in the dry-farming Huang-Huai-Hai plain of China. 255 soil samples were collected in 2017. Mann-Kendall mutation test, geostatistics, and redundancy analysis were used to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of the plough and compacted layer in the study area, particularly the spatial variation and influencing factors of the degree of compactness. The influence of compactness on grain yield was determined to preliminarily propose the optimal range for the degree of soil compactness. The results showed that the thickness of both ploughed and compacted layers increased from north to south, where the maximum thickness of the ploughed layer reached 22.50 cm, and the minimum was only 10.21 cm, whereas, the maximum thickness of the compacted layer was 17.50 cm, and the minimum was 7.50 cm. There were significant differences in the degree of soil compactness in different regions. Specifically, the degree of compactness in the compacted layer was significantly higher than that of the ploughed layer. Nevertheless, there was spatial consistency in the degree of compactness of the ploughed and compacted layers. In the ploughed layer, the higher value area of the degree of compactness was distributed mainly in the eastern of Henan Province, the northern of Anhui Province, and the northern of Hebei Province, where the maximum was more than 85.00%, whereas, the lower value area was in the northwest of Shandong Province, and the southern of Hebei Province. There was a significant impact of the degree of compactness in the ploughed layer on grain yield (P<0.01), where the yield was higher when the degree of compactness was in the range of 70%-80%. The degree of soil compactness depended on both natural and human factors. The contribution of each influencing factor to the degree of soil compactness was ranked in a descending order: the average annual precipitation, average annual temperature, total power of agricultural machinery, sand content, silt content, clay content, and soil organic matter content. Among them, the average annual precipitation, average annual temperature, and total power of agricultural machinery presented extremely significant effects on the degree of soil compactness (P<0.01). In addition to uncontrollable natural factors, mechanical tillage was an important human factor for soil compaction. In general, soil compaction was improved by deep plowing with large agricultural machinery, but much attention should also be paid to soil compaction caused by machinery. The findings can provide a sound theoretical reference to improve the soil compaction in farmland, thereby formulating the management measures in dry-farming Huang-Huai-Hai regions. |
| |
| Keywords: | soils tillage dry farming regions the degree of compactness plough layer compacted layer |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
