| 江苏省乡村聚落演化的多尺度特征与空间关联性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 孔雪松,朱芷晴,刘殿锋.江苏省乡村聚落演化的多尺度特征与空间关联性分析[J].农业工程学报,2020,36(12):247-256. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孔雪松 朱芷晴 刘殿锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉 430079;武汉大学教育部地理信息系统重点实验室,武汉 430079;武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉 430079 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41871182）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFD1100801） |
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| 摘 要： | 乡村聚落演化与发展是农村社会特定人地关系的集中体现,其空间关联性是乡村聚落规划与重构的基础。该研究以江苏省为例,综合运用核密度分析、景观分维指数与空间热点探测方法,分析2009-2018年江苏省乡村聚落演化的多尺度特征与地域分异性规律,定量测度乡村聚落演化与不同地理要素的空间关联性及其增减变化的空间自相关特征。研究结果表明:江苏乡村聚落变化呈现出"减少面广、增加集聚"的典型特征,乡村聚落增减变化的密度表现出沿江沿海的轴线走向;县域单元乡村聚落以不规则分布为主且差异较为显著,苏南地区乡村聚落形态规整度整体相对更优;乡村聚落增减变化在道路、水源和城镇可达性时间大于60 min范围内聚落增减规模比例最大,但在整体上并未呈现出明显的地理空间可达性指向,乡村聚落变化更多以农户自组织方式进行;江苏大多县域乡村聚落变化处于不显著的随机状态,南京市是乡村聚落增减变化的典型冷热点区,而南通市则是乡村聚落增加热点区。研究有助于深入理解社会经济转型期乡村聚落演化的时空关系与农户决策行为,促进乡村聚落布局优化和空间有序重构。
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| 关 键 词： | 农村 乡村聚落 空间演化 空间关联 分维指数 热点分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/3/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/5/24 0:00:00 |
Multi-scale evolution characteristics of rural settlements and spatial correlation in Jiangsu Province, China |
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| Kong Xuesong,Zhu Zhiqing,Liu Dianfeng.Multi-scale evolution characteristics of rural settlements and spatial correlation in Jiangsu Province, China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2020,36(12):247-256. |
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| Authors: | Kong Xuesong Zhu Zhiqing Liu Dianfeng |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Resource and Environment Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;; 1. School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China; |
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| Abstract: | Rural settlements of people are normally formed based on the geography, blood, and agricultural production. Therefore, the evolution of rural settlements can be used to clarify the special human-land relationship in rural areas, while the spatial correlation between rural settlements and geographical factors can also provide important information for the subsequent scheme of plan and reconstruction. However, there are different features in spatiotemporal differentiation and correlation in different geographical scale during the evolution of rural settlements. Most previous studies usually focused on the evolution features of rural settlements in single medium-micro scale. The multi-scale analysis on evolution of rural settlements and spatial correlation is lacking, particularly on systematical understanding the behind mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Jiangsu Province during 2009 to 2018, using the kernel density analysis, landscape fractal dimension index, and hotspots analysis. The kernel density was used to identify the density change of rural settlements at the provincial level, while the landscape fractal dimension index was used to analyze the shape change of rural settlements at the county level. The area was divided into the grid of 10×10 km, in order to explore the dynamic change of rural settlements. The loss and gain of rural settlements were presented at the patch level and grid level. Additionally, the relationships between the changes of rural settlements and roads, water bodies, cities, towns, and relief amplitude, were analyzed, and then measured based on spatial access. Getis-Ord Gi* algorithm was used to identify the hotspots of rural settlement change. The results showed that there was a growth rate of 1.35% for the total area of rural settlements, while there was a total loss of rural population, over ten million, indicating an inconsistent condition in the human-land population from 2009 to 2018 in Jiangsu Province. There was a space change in a typical feature with large-scale loss and concentration gain. The density variation in the loss and gain of rural settlements presented a concentration change along the Yangtze River and sea coast. The shapes of rural settlements were in an irregular distribution, particularly on the significant difference in space. The regularity of rural settlements in the southern Jiangsu was better than that in central and northern Jiangsu. Most changes of rural settlements occurred within the scope of over 60 minutes away from the road, water body, city and town. However, it was not observed an obvious spatial access orientation of geographical elements. The changes of rural settlements randomly occurred in the way of self-organization from farmers in the majority counties. The typical hotspots from loss and gain of rural settlements located in Nanjing, while the gain hotspots can also be observed in Nantong. This finding can contribute to understanding the spatiotemporal relationship and farmers'' decision-making behavior that involved in the process of rural settlements evolution under socioeconomic transformation period, and thereby to promote regional spatial optimization and reconstruction of rural settlements. |
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| Keywords: | rural areas rural settlements spatial evolution spatial correlation fractal dimension index hotspots analysis |
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