| 三峡库区重庆段水土流失动态变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈国建,吴德涛,王彩霞,王才军,李阳兵.三峡库区重庆段水土流失动态变化[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(5):105-110. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈国建 吴德涛 王彩霞 王才军 李阳兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 重庆师范大学地理科学学院GIS应用研究重庆市重点实验室,400047,重庆 |
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| 基金项目： | 重庆市水利局资助项目"重庆市三峡库区水土保持生态建设规划"，重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目"水土保持对三峡库区农村社会经济发展影响研究 "，重庆师范大学博士基金项目"水土保持对重庆农村社会经济发展的影响研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 利用GIS技术,将1995年、2004年的卫星遥感影像进行空间叠加分析,计算三峡库区重庆段各级强度水土流失的马尔科夫转移概率,分析各级强度之间的相互转化关系,并对水土流失遥感数据进行对比分析,揭示10 a期间三峡库区重庆段水土流失的时空变化特点。结果表明：三峡库区重庆段中度侵蚀和强度侵蚀面积之和占库区水土流失总面积的70.84%,年均土壤侵蚀模数高达3 766 t/（km^2.a）,均高于临近的贵州省和湖北省;2004年水土流失面积占库区土地总面积的51.71%,高于全国37%的平均水平,也高于长江流域31.2%的平均水平,更高于与之邻近的四川、贵州和湖北3省;1995—2004年,三峡库区重庆段的水土流失面积减幅高达22%,水土流失强度也有明显下降,其中减幅最大的是中度侵蚀面积,其次是极强度侵蚀和强度侵蚀;三峡库区重庆段侵蚀好转程度与侵蚀强度呈正相关关系。总体来看,三峡库区重庆段的水土流失基本得到了遏制,生态环境正向良性发展的方向演变。
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| 关 键 词： | 三峡库区重庆段 水土流失 时空变化 侵蚀强度 |
Dynamic changes of soil erosion in Three Georges Reservoir Area of Chongqing |
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| Chen Guojian,Wu Detao,Wang Caixia,Wang Caijun,Li Yangbing.Dynamic changes of soil erosion in Three Georges Reservoir Area of Chongqing[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,7(5):105-110. |
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| Authors: | Chen Guojian Wu Detao Wang Caixia Wang Caijun Li Yangbing |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Geographical Sciences,Chongqing Normal University;2.Key Laboratory of GIS Application of Chongqing:400047,Chongqing,China |
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| Abstract: | This paper figures out Markov Transferred Rates Matrix of soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing and studies the translated relations between the different soil erosion intensities by overlapping the satellite images of soil erosion in 1995 and 2004 with GIS techniques,which discovered the characteristics of temporal-spatial change of soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing in past ten years.The results indicate the soil erosion intensities in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing are very high because that the areas of moderate soil erosion and higher than 70.84 percent of the area of soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing and annual soil erosion modulus is 3 766 t/(km2·a) which is higher than that in Guizhou Province and Hubei Province;The area of soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing is 51.71 percent of the area of territory in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing in 2004,this percentage is higher than the level of 37 percent of China and the level of 31.2 percent of Yangtze River basin,and much higher than that of neighboring Sichuan Province and Guizhou Province and Hubei Province.Between 1995 and 2004,the area of soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing reduced 22 percents and soil erosion intensities obviously descended,among which the area of moderate soil erosion is largest in soil erosion intensities and second in utmost soil erosion and intensity soil erosion.The improved degrees of soil erosion are positive correlation to soil erosion intensities in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing.In overall terms,the soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing is basically under controlling and it ensured its ecological environment to evolve towards the sound development. |
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| Keywords: | Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing soil and water loss temporal-spatial change soil erosion intensity |
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