| 施氮量和采收株高对油菜薹外观性状、养分积累和氨基酸组分含量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 林宝刚,郝鹏飞,任韵,怀燕,张慧,薛波文,华水金.施氮量和采收株高对油菜薹外观性状、养分积累和氨基酸组分含量的影响[J].核农学报,2022,36(12):2474-2481. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林宝刚 郝鹏飞 任韵 怀燕 张慧 薛波文 华水金 |
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| 作者单位： | 1浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江 杭州 3100212湖州市农业科技发展中心/湖州市农业科学研究院,浙江 湖州 3130003浙江省农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 310020 |
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| 基金项目： | 财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12);浙江省数字旱粮重点实验室(2022E10012);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02064) |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确施氮量和采收株高对油菜薹外观性状、养分积累和氨基酸组分含量的影响,以油蔬两用型油菜品种富硒1号为材料,采用裂区试验设计,以施氮量为主区,采收株高为副区,测定了油菜薹粗度和鲜重,氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)浓度,硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷酰胺合成酶(GS)和天冬酰胺合成酶(AS)活性,亚硝酸盐含量以及16种氨基酸组分含量。结果表明,随着采收株高的增加,油菜薹粗度降低,但施氮量对油菜薹粗度影响不显著;增施氮肥增加了油菜薹鲜重;在各施氮量处理下,采收株高30 cm时,油菜薹鲜重高于其他采收株高。油菜薹N和K浓度随着施氮量的增加先增加后减小,而施氮量对油菜薹P浓度影响不显著。氮代谢过程中NR活性随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,与氮素浓度变化一致;而GS和AS活性则表现为持续降低。在采收株高20和30 cm处理下,油菜薹氨基酸组分含量主要随施氮量的增加而显著增加;采收株高40 cm时,油菜薹中的缬氨酸等7种氨基酸含量在各施氮量处理下差异不显著,天冬氨酸等8种氨基酸含量在施氮量180 kg·hm-2处理下最高,采收株高50 cm时,谷氨酸等4种氨基酸含量在施氮量180 kg·hm-2处理下最高,其余氨基酸组分含量在各施氮量之间无显著差异。综上,在施氮量180 kg·hm-2、采收株高40 cm时油菜薹具有较好的品质。本研究结果为油蔬两用型油菜薹优质栽培提供了技术参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 油菜薹 施氮量 采收株高 养分 氨基酸组分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-11 |
Effect of Nitrogen Application Rates and Harvesting Plant Heights on Appearance Traits,Nutrient Accumulation,and Amino Acid Composition in Young Stem of Rapeseed |
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| LIN Baogang,HAO Pengfei,REN Yun,HUAI Yan,ZHANG Hui,XUE Bowen,HUA Shuijin.Effect of Nitrogen Application Rates and Harvesting Plant Heights on Appearance Traits,Nutrient Accumulation,and Amino Acid Composition in Young Stem of Rapeseed[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2022,36(12):2474-2481. |
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| Authors: | LIN Baogang HAO Pengfei REN Yun HUAI Yan ZHANG Hui XUE Bowen HUA Shuijin |
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| Institution: | 1Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 3100212Center of Agricultural Science and Technology Development of Huzhou/Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou, Zhejiang 3130003Zhejiang Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020 |
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| Abstract: | To explore effect of nitrogen application rates and harvesting plant heights on appearance traits, nutrient accumulation, and amino acid composition in young stem of rapeseed, a field experiment was conducted using an oil-vegetable double usage of rapeseed variety, Fuxi 1, as plant material. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with nitrogen application rate as main plot and harvesting plant height as sub-plot. Diameter and fresh weight, concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K), activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and asparagine synthetase (AS), content of nitrite, and 16 amino acid compositions were assayed in the young stem of rapeseed. Results showed that the diameter of young stem of rapeseed significantly decreased as harvesting plant height increased, while nitrogen application rate did not have significant influences. However, increased nitrogen applicaiton rate markedly increased fresh weight of young stem of rapeseed. The fresh weight of young stem of apeseed maximized at the harvesting plant height of 30 cm under each nitrogen application rate. Concentration of N and K in the young stem of rapeseed increased firstly and then decreased as nitrogen application rate increased while no significant impacts on the concentration of P under each nitrogen application rate. The effect of nitrogen application rates on the activity of NR was increased firstly and then decreased, which was in accordance with the change of N concentration in the young stem of rapeseed. However, the activities of GS and AS showed decreasing trend as nitrogen application rate increased. The amino acid composition in the young stem of rapeseed mainly showed increased trend as nitrogen application rate increased at the harvesting plant heights of 20 and 30 cm. At the harvesting plant height of 40 cm, contents of 7 amino acid compositions such as valine had no significant differences among each nitrogen application rate. However, contents of 8 amino acid compositions such as aspatic acid peaked at nitrogen application rate of 180 kg·hm-2. At harvesting plant height of 50 cm, contents of 4 amino acid compositions such as glutamic acid were the highest at application rate of 180 kg·hm-2 while other amino acid compositions had no significant differences among three nitrogen application rates. The above results suggested that the high quality can be available in the young stem of rapeseed under the combination of the nitrogen application rate at 180 kg·hm-2 and harvesting plant height of 40 cm, which provides theoretical basis for the cultivation of high quality of the young stem of rapeseed. |
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| Keywords: | young stem of rapeseed nitrogen application rate harvesting plant height nutrient amino acid composition |
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