| 嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 王蕙,卢德宝,徐铭泽.嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(3):1-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王蕙 卢德宝 徐铭泽 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江水利水电学院水利与环境工程学院;江西省水土保持科学研究院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41701312）；浙江省自然科学基金项目（LQ16D010004）；浙江省教育厅科研项目（Y201534649） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究嵌套砾石红壤坡面的壤中流动态过程及降雨产流分配,以红壤缓坡(10°)和陡坡(25°)坡面为研究对象,采用室内人工模拟降雨的方法研究不同降雨强度(60,90,120 mm/h)和不同砾石含量(0,10%,20%,30%)条件下壤中流的初始产流时间、产流速率和径流过程。结果表明:(1)不同含量砾石嵌套红壤坡面壤中流初始产流时间在雨强60 mm/h时接近15 min,在雨强90,120 mm/h时差别较大;雨强从60 mm/h增大到120 mm/h,不同含量砾石嵌套红壤坡面壤中流量和产流速率基本上表现为降低,其中25°嵌套20%和30%砾石坡面的壤中流产流速率均值分别下降86.7%和89.0%,雨强120 mm/h时壤中流峰值仅为60 mm/h条件下的10.7%和10.2%。(2)10°和25°各试验坡面,雨强60 mm/h时地表径流所占比例为8.0%~66.3%,雨强120 mm/h时地表径流所占比例为76.1%~93.5%,地表径流所占比例均随雨强的增大而提高32.8%~1 009.4%;雨强60 mm/h时壤中流所占比例为7.3%~30.0%,雨强120 mm/h时壤中流所占比例为1.1%~9.6%,壤中流所占比例随雨强增大而减小46.1%~93.9%。(3)回归结果显示,壤中流峰值流量Ip、壤中流系数It、壤中流消退速率K和降雨强度、砾石含量的二元线性回归效果都达到了显著水平(P<0.05);坡度10°时,降雨强度和砾石含量对壤中流过程参数所起的作用是相反的,而坡度25°时,砾石含量和降雨强度对壤中流各参数的作用相同。
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| 关 键 词： | 降雨强度 嵌套砾石 红壤 壤中流 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/11/27 0:00:00 |
Response of Subsurface Flow to Rainfall Intensity in the Red Soil Slope with Embedded Gravel |
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| WANG Hui,LU Debao,XU Mingze.Response of Subsurface Flow to Rainfall Intensity in the Red Soil Slope with Embedded Gravel[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,33(3):1-7. |
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| Authors: | WANG Hui LU Debao XU Mingze |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018;2. Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029 |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand the impact of rainfall intensity on runoff distribution and subsurface flow process in the red soil slope with embedded gravel, the artificial simulated rainfall method was used to determine the subsurface flow characteristics of generation time, runoff rate and runoff process. The red soil gentle slope (10°) and steep slope (25°) were taken as research objects with different gravel contents (0, 10%, 20%, 30%) and rainfall intensities (60, 90, 120 mm/h). The results indicated that:(1) The runoff generation time of red soil slope with different contents of embedded gravel was close 15 min under 60 mm/h rainfall intensity, and varied greatly under 90 mm/h and 120 mm/h. The increase of rainfall intensities from 60 mm/h to 120 mm/h, the runoff quantity and runoff rates decreased with varying degrees, and the runoff rates in red soil embedded gravel with 20% and 30% at slope gradient 25° deceased 86.7% and 89.0% respectively. When the rainfall intensity was 120 mm/h, the peak values of subsurface flow were only 10.7% and 10.2% respectively of the 60 mm/h. (2) The proportions of surface runoff increased 32.8%~1 009.4% with the increasing rainfall intensities on the experimental slopes of 10° and 25°. The proportions of surface runoff were 8.0%~66.3% under rainfall intensity 60 mm/h, 76.1%~93.5% under 120 mm/h. The proportions of subsurface flow decreased 46.1%~93.9% with the increasing rainfall intensities. The proportions of subsurface flow were 7.3%~30.0% under 60 mm/h rainfall intensity, 1.1%~9.6% under 120 mm/h. (3) The binary linear regression results showed all the relationships of peak flow of subsurface flow (Ip), coefficient of subsurface flow (It), subsidence rate of subsurface flow (K) with rainfall intensity and gravel content reached the significant levels (P<0.05). Rainfall intensity and gravel content played the opposite roles in the subsurface flow process at slope gradient 10°, while both roles were same at 25°. |
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| Keywords: | rainfall intensity embedded gravel red soil subsurface flow |
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