| 施氮量对双季稻产量及氮磷钾吸收利用的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱启东,鲁艳红,廖育林,聂军,周兴,聂鑫,程会丹.施氮量对双季稻产量及氮磷钾吸收利用的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(2):183-188. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱启东 鲁艳红 廖育林 聂军 周兴 聂鑫 程会丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖南省土壤肥料研究所, 长沙 410125;2. 湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128;3. 农业部湖南耕地保育科学观测实验站, 长沙 410125;4. 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙 410128;5. 湖南大学研究生院隆平分院, 长沙 410125 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划"粮食丰产增效科技创新"重点专项（2017YFD0301504，2018YFD03006）；国际植物营养研究所合作项目（IPNI-Hunan）；湖南省农业科技创新项目（2018ZD02-2） |
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| 摘 要： | 研究不同施氮量对双季稻产量、氮磷钾积累量及氮磷钾利用率的影响,同时探讨双季稻吸收利用氮、磷、钾素三者间的相互关系。通过田间试验研究施氮量不同、磷钾投入量相同条件下的双季稻产量、双季稻氮、磷、钾积累量、双季稻氮、磷、钾素利用效率及磷钾吸收利用与氮吸收利用的关系。结果表明:双季稻产量在一定范围内(早稻0～105 kg/hm~2,晚稻0～146 kg/hm~2)随施氮量的增加而提高,之后产量随施氮量增加而降低。本试验施氮条件下,早稻产量最高的处理为75%N(105 kg/hm~2),比CK(不施化肥)增产58.1%;晚稻产量最高的处理为100%N(146 kg/hm~2)处理,比CK增产67.6%。施氮水平对双季稻植株氮、磷、钾养分积累量有显著影响,早、晚稻稻谷氮、磷、钾积累量均以100%N处理最高。不同施氮水平对氮、磷、钾养分利用效率也有显著影响。适宜的施氮量可以增加双季稻产量,促进水稻对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收,同时提高双季稻的氮、磷、钾素利用效率。综合考虑双季稻产量效应及氮磷钾养分的有效吸收利用,双季稻施氮量为105～146 kg/hm~2较为适宜。
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| 关 键 词： | 施氮量 双季稻 产量 氮磷钾 养分吸收利用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/9 0:00:00 |
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake of Double Cropping Rice |
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| ZHU Qidong,LU Yanhong,LIAO Yulin,NIE Jun,ZHOU Xing,NIE Xin,CHENG Huidan.Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake of Double Cropping Rice[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,33(2):183-188. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Qidong LU Yanhong LIAO Yulin NIE Jun ZHOU Xing NIE Xin CHENG Huidan |
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| Institution: | 1. Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410125;2. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128;3. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation(Hunan), Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125;4. College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128;5. Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125 |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted to study the yield of double cropping rice and its uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The fertilizer utilization efficiencies and the relationships between the absorption and utilization efficiencies of P and K and N uptake and utilization were also measured under the different applications in N but the same in P and K. Our results showed that the rice yield was increased by moderate N application, however, high N showed negative effects on crop production. As for N application, 75%N treatment gained the highest yield for early rice, which was increased by 58.1% compared with CK without fertilizer application. And 100%N treatment had the highest yield for late rice, 67.6% more than CK. The accumulations of N, P and K in rice plants were significantly affected by N application levels. The accumulations of N, P and K in early and late rice grains were the highest under 100%N treatment, and their accumulations in rice plants were also higher than other treatments. Different nitrogen levels also had significant effects on N, P and K nutrient utilization efficiency. Our results showed a significant correlation between the accumulation of P and K and the accumulation of N in the early and late rice plants. The apparent use efficiencies and agronomy efficiencies of P and K were correlated positively with N accumulations in rice plants, respectively. Moderate N application could increase the yield of double cropping rice, promote the absorption of N, P and K by rice, and improve their utilization efficiencies. In this research, considering the yield effects of double cropping rice and the fertilizer utilization efficiencies, the suitable N application rate should be between 105 kg N/hm2 and 146 kg N/hm2. |
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| Keywords: | nitrogen application double cropping rice yield nitrogen phosphorus and potassium nutrient absorption and utilization |
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