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| 留茬对小麦/玉米间作氮素吸收和硝态氮分布、淋失的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 刘朝巍,张恩和,王琦,刘青林,王田涛,俞华林,尹辉.留茬对小麦/玉米间作氮素吸收和硝态氮分布、淋失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(1):72-76. |
| 作者姓名： | 刘朝巍 张恩和 王琦 刘青林 王田涛 俞华林 尹辉 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州,730070 2. 甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070／中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室,青藏高原冰冻圈观测试验研究站,兰州730000 3. 甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州,730070 |
| 基金项目： | 国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2007BAD89B17) |
| 摘 要： | 为减少高产农田硝态氮累积对地下水的潜在污染,在甘肃石羊河流域绿洲灌区设置裂区试验,研究不同留茬方式对单作小麦、单作玉米、小麦/玉米间作氮素吸收、土壤硝态氮分布、淋失的影响。结果表明:不同留茬方式对作物籽粒、秸秆含氮量影响较小。间作比单作显著提高了作物的籽粒吸氮量和氮收获指数;2种作物无论间作或单作,立茬土壤0-20cm硝态氮累积显著高于焚烧和翻还,20-60cm则相反,60cm以下受留茬方式影响差异不显著;土壤硝态氮残留单作小麦翻还比焚烧和立茬处理分别高11.41%和8.13%,单作玉米焚烧比立茬和翻还分别高26.97%和17.02%;植株总吸氮量小麦/玉米间作立茬和翻还分别比焚烧高9.58%和6.10%;硝态氮淋失量小麦/玉米间作平均比单作处理低30.75%,小麦/玉米间作立茬和翻还分别比焚烧处理低28.04%和10.23%。综上所述,小麦/玉米间作立茬硝态氮淋失最少,更有利于环境保护。 |
| 关 键 词： | 留茬 小麦/玉米间作 吸氮量 硝态氮分布 淋失 |
Effects of Wheat-Maize Intercropping and Stubble Treatment on Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrate Nitrogen Distribution and Leaching |
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| LIU Chao-wei,ZHANG En-he,WANG Qi,LIU Qing-lin,WANG Tian-tao,YU Hua-lin,YIN Hui.Effects of Wheat-Maize Intercropping and Stubble Treatment on Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrate Nitrogen Distribution and Leaching[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,26(1):72-76. | |
| Authors: | LIU Chao-wei ZHANG En-he WANG Qi LIU Qing-lin WANG Tian-tao YU Hua-lin YIN Hui |
| Institution: | 1.College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070; 2.College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070; 3.Cryosphere Research Station on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Lanzhou 730000) |
| Abstract: | Finding ways of reducing nitrate leaching has become an extremely important task.To investigate the effects of different tillage(conventional tillage,no-tillage with stubble standing and conventional tillage with stubble incorporated) on nitrogen uptake and nitrate nitrogen distribution and leaching,a field experiment was conducted in the oasis region of Shiyang river basin,Gansu province.The results showed that: There were no significant effects of tillage treatments on nitrogen content of seed or straw.Nitrogen yield and nitrogen harvest index were significantly greater with intercropped compared with sole cropped.At harvesting stage,the NO-3-N content in 0-20 cm depth soil profiles was significantly greater with(no-tillage with stubble standing) compared with conventional tillage and conventional tillage with stubble incorporated,and the opposite result was found in 20-60 cm,below 60 cm was not significant.The soil NO-3-N concentration of sole wheat was higher on conventional tillage with stubble incorporated than no-tillage with stubble standing and conventional tillage by 11.41% and 8.13%,respectively.The soil NO-3-N concentration of sole maize was higher on conventional tillage than no-tillage with stubble standing and conventional tillage with stubble incorporated by 26.97% and 17.02%,respectively.The plant N uptake of wheat-maize intercropping was higher on no-tillage with stubble standing and conventional tillage with stubble incorporated than conventional tillage by 9.58% and 6.10%,respectively.Mean NO-3-N leaching was 30.75% higher in wheat-maize intercropping than in sole cropped.N leaching of wheat-maize intercropping was higher on conventional tillage with stubble and incorporated no-tillage with stubble standing than conventional tillage by 28.04% and 10.23%,respectively.The findings suggest that wheat-maize intercropping with no-tillage with stubble standing would reduce NO-3-N leaching,and may be also better for the environment. |
| Keywords: | no-tillage with stubble standing wheat-maize intercropping nitrogen uptake nitrate nitrogen distribution leaching |
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