| 水稻叶片形态建成分子调控机制研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐静,王莉,钱前,张光恒.水稻叶片形态建成分子调控机制研究进展[J].作物学报,2013,39(5):767-774. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐静 王莉 钱前 张光恒 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 中国水稻研究所 / 水稻生物学国家重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310006；2 中国农科院研究生院，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目，国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项，浙江省杰出青年基金资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 叶片形态是水稻“理想株型”的重要组成部分，是当前水稻高产育种关注的重点。本文通过对已克隆多个叶形相关调控基因综述了水稻叶片形态(叶片卷曲度、倾角、披散程度以及叶片宽度)建成的分子遗传学研究进展。综合分析认为，水稻叶片的卷曲主要是通过卷叶基因调控叶片近轴/远轴间的发育、泡状细胞的发育及其膨胀和渗透压、厚壁组织的形成以及叶片角质层的发育等来实现。影响植株空间伸展姿态的叶倾角主要通过叶角基因调控油菜素内酯的信号传导来影响叶枕细胞的生长发育；唯一被克隆的影响叶片披垂度的披叶基因DL1是通过控制叶片中脉发育而改变叶片形态的；而窄叶基因则主要通过调控生长素的合成与极性运输、维管组织的发育和分布，影响叶片维管束数目及宽度。但到目前为止，所有已克隆的叶形调控基因间相互调控关系的研究还不够深入，还不能完整清晰地勾勒水稻叶形建成和发育的分子调控网络。因此，在已有的研究基础上更深入地探索水稻叶片形态建成的分子调控机制，对进一步构建相关的调控网络，塑造水稻理想株型具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 叶片形态 基因 分子机制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-11-02 |
Research Advance in Molecule Regulation Mechanism of Leaf Morphogenesis in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
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| XU Jing
,
WANG Li
,
QIAN Qian
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ZHANG Guang-Heng.Research Advance in Molecule Regulation Mechanism of Leaf Morphogenesis in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2013,39(5):767-774. |
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| Authors: | XU Jing WANG Li QIAN Qian ZHANG Guang-Heng |
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| Institution: | 1 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology / China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; 2 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Rice leaf morphosis is one of important components in the design of ideal plant architecture, and is the main focus in high-yield breeding of rice. The paper expounds the advance in the molecular genetics research of rice leaf morphosis (including leaf rolling, leaf angle, leaf drooping, and leaf width) by analyzing the leaf shape regulating genes that have been cloned. Comprehensive analysis reveals that the leaf rolling is controlled by related genes that regulate the development of leaf along the adaxial-abaxial axis, the development of bulliform cells, osmotic pressure or turgidity in bulliform cells, the formation of sclerenchymatous cells and the development of cuticle. Leaf inclination, which affects the plant space extension posture, is regulated by the development of phyllula which is controlled by genes conferring the biosynthesis or signaling of phytohormone brassinosteroids (BRs). The only cloned drooping leaf gene controlls the leaf shape by influencing midrib formation. Narrow leaf genes regulate the leaf width through controlling the synthesis of auxin and its polar transport,and the development and distribution of vascular tissues. However, the study on the relationship between regulation roles of these cloned leaf shape genes. is not profound enough to draw an outline of molecular regulation network fort rice leaf development and morphosis completely and clearly. Therefore, on the basis of current research findings, it is of great significance to further explore the rice leaf molecular regulation mechanism for establishing related regulation network and shaping ideal rice plant architecture. |
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| Keywords: | Rice (Oryza sativa L ) Leaf morphology Gene Molecular mechanism |
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