| 种植方式对水稻产量及根系性状的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑华斌,姚,林,刘建霞,贺,慧,陈,阳,黄,璜.种植方式对水稻产量及根系性状的影响[J].作物学报,2014,40(4):667-677. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑华斌 姚 林 刘建霞 贺 慧 陈 阳 黄 璜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南长沙 410128；2农业部华中地区作物栽培科学观测实验站, 湖南长沙 410128；3湖南农业大学生物科学与技术学院, 湖南长沙 410128 |
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| 基金项目： | 本研究由国家水稻丰产科技工程项目“长江中游南部(湖南)水稻丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范” (2013BAD07B1 1)和国家“十二五”公益性行业(农业)项目“稻-渔”耦合养殖技术研究与示范(201203081)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 2011—2012年在湖南长沙以超级杂交稻Y两优1号、杂交稻汕优63和常规稻黄华占为材料的大田定位试验,比较了垄作梯式栽培技术(两种垄规格)和垄厢栽培技术(3种厢规格)对水稻产量和根系性状的影响。与平作栽培(T0)相比,窄垄作梯式栽培(T1)和垄厢栽培(T3)均可提高水稻产量,其中以T1的产量最高,比T0平均增产22.2%(17.1%～27.2%),其次T3平均增产10.4%(5.8%～15.0%),但随着垄宽或厢宽的增加,产量增幅逐渐下降。较高的穗数和每穗粒数、良好的根系特性(根系氧化力、根表面吸收面积、根系孔隙度)以及齐穗后干物质积累量大是上述两种栽培技术增产的重要原因。同时,根解剖结构表明垄作梯式栽培的根皮层减小、中柱和导管面积增大,增强了水分吸收能力。
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| 关 键 词： | 种植方式 栽培方式 垄畦(厢)栽培 垄宽 厢宽 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-03-22 |
Effect of Ridge & Terraced Cultivation on Rice Yield and Root Trait |
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| ZHENG Hua-Bin,YAO Lin,LIU Jian-Xia,HE Hui,CHEN Yang,HUANG Huang.Effect of Ridge & Terraced Cultivation on Rice Yield and Root Trait[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014,40(4):667-677. |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Hua-Bin YAO Lin LIU Jian-Xia HE Hui CHEN Yang HUANG Huang |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;2.Observation Station of Crop Cultivation Science in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410128, China;3.College of Bio-science & Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted in Changsha city of Hunan Province in 2011 and 2012 to find out a cultivation technique of ridge &; terraced cultivation (RTC) for improving rice yield and root trait. Super hybrid rice Yliangyou 1, hybrid rice Shanyou 63 and conventional rice Huanghuazhan were used in the mid-rice season. The cultivation patterns were designed as ridge &; terranced cultivation (T1, ridge width 60 cm; T2, ridge width 120 cm), bed cultivation (T3, bed width 70 cm; T4, bed width 140 cm; T5, bed width 230 cm), and traditional cultivation (T0). The characteristics of grain yield formation and root character under different cultivation patterns were analyzed. Results showed that ridge &; terraced cultivation (T1) and bed cultivation (T3) could increase grain yield compared with traditional cultivation (T0), T1 had the highest yield, which was 22.2% (17.1%–27.2%) higher than that of T0, the next was T3, with the yield 10.4% (5.8%–15.0%) higher than that of T0. However, increasing range of yield declined gradually with the increase of ridge width or bed width. The important reason for increasing yield by using the twocultivation techniques was higher effective panicles and spikelets per panicles, better root trait (root oxidation ability, root surface absorption area and soil porosity) and higher dry matter accumulation after full heading stage. Meanwhile, root anatomical structureshowed that the thickness of root cortex was decreased and the size of root vascular cylinder and vessel areas was increased in RTC, so that the capacity of water absorption was enhanced. |
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| Keywords: | Planting pattern Cultivation model Bed cultivation Ridge width Bed width |
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