| 抗生素替代品的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 程古月,郝海红,谢书宇,王旭,袁宗辉.抗生素替代品的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(35):97-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程古月 郝海红 谢书宇 王旭 袁宗辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学国家兽药残留基准实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金“固体脂质纳米抗菌药物抗胞内沙门氏菌感染及机理研究”(31302140)，“喹噁啉类化合物肾上腺毒性机制的研究” (31272614)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金“大肠杆菌中喹噁啉类化合物关键活化酶的筛选、鉴定及其功能分析”(2013QC002)，“恩诺沙星-脂肪 酸固体脂质纳米高效治疗胞内沙门氏菌感染及机理研究”(2013QC005) |
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| 摘 要： | 生长促进用抗生素的大量使用导致细菌耐药性问题日趋严重，同时传统抗生素的研发已进入瓶颈期，给细菌感染性疾病的治疗带来许多不安因素。这种情况下抗生素替代品逐渐成为世界各国的研究热点。本文就抗菌疫苗、免疫调节剂、噬菌体及其裂解酶、抗菌多肽、微生态制剂、植物提取物、细菌致病力抑制剂以及饲用酶这八类抗生素替代品的研发进展及存在问题进行分析和讨论，得出以下结论：兽用抗生素替代品由于其局限性尚不能完全替代抗生素，只有建立科学的监控体系和继续开发完善抗生素替代品才能减少抗生素不规范使用带来的负面效应，保证动物性食品的安全，从而实现畜牧业的绿色和健康发展。
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| 关 键 词： | 抗生素 抗生素替代品 研发进展 存在问题 |
| 收稿时间： | 6/9/2014 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/12/3 0:00:00 |
Advances of Antibiotic Alternatives |
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| Abstract: | The persistence and spread of antibiotic resistance caused by the abuse of growth-promoting antibi?
otics, in conjunction with the bottleneck of development of new antibiotics, have created the dangerous pros?
pect of ineffective therapies against bacterial diseases. In this situation, national strategies aimed at discovery
and developments of effective antibiotic alternatives, especially for agricultural applications, have been encour?
aged. This article overviewed eight kinds of antibiotic alternatives, including antibacterial vaccines, immuno?
modulatory agents, bacteriophages and their lysins, antimicrobial peptides, pro-, pre- and synbiotics, plant ex?
tracts, inhibitors targeting pathogenicity and feed enzymes. The progress of research and development, prob?
lems and prospects of antibiotic alternatives were fully discussed. Because of their limitations, veterinary antibi?
otic alternatives so far can not substitute for antibiotics. Only to establish a scientific monitoring system and
continue to develop improved antibiotic alternatives can we reduce the negative effects of antibiotic abuse, en?
sure the safety of animal-derived food, thus achieve the green and healthy development of animal husbandry. |
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| Keywords: | antibiotics antibiotic alternatives progress of research and development existing problem |
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