| 钾肥和硅肥对油用亚麻茎秆抗倒伏特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王月萍,郭丽琢,高玉红,刘亚辉,苟振宇,夏张祥.钾肥和硅肥对油用亚麻茎秆抗倒伏特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(36):26-33. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王月萍 郭丽琢 高玉红 刘亚辉 苟振宇 夏张祥 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州 730070;2.甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州 730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业特色油料产业技术体系专项“养分管理与高效施肥”(CARS-14-1-16);甘肃省自然科学基金“胡麻倒伏机理及抗倒伏调控技术研究”(1107RJZA160) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了优化油用亚麻抗倒伏的肥料运筹措施,以‘陇亚11号’和‘定亚23号’为试验材料,通过裂区设计,研究了钾肥（不施钾、52.5 kg K2O/hm2和105 kg K2O /hm2 3个水平）和硅肥（不施硅和90 kg SiO2/hm2 2个水平）用量对油用亚麻茎秆形态学、力学抗倒伏特性及产量的影响。结果表明：‘陇亚11号’的株高、重心高度及茎粗、壁厚、抗折力均显著大于‘定亚23号’,茎秆形态学及力学抗倒伏特性的综合影响下,‘陇亚11号’较‘定亚23号’倒伏率提高21.24%而产量降低9.43%。钾肥显著改善了抗倒的茎秆表观形态学特性,施钾后茎粗、壁厚、茎秆抗折力、抗倒伏指数提高而株高和重心高度降低,千粒重和籽粒产量分别提高7.35%和9.34%。硅肥对茎秆形态学、力学特性及籽粒产量均无主效应,但硅肥与钾肥的互作使茎粗显著增加。抗倒伏指数与茎粗、壁厚呈显著正相关,与株高、重心高度呈显著负相关。品种间的茎秆抗倒伏特性差异较大,施用钾肥显著改善了抗倒的茎秆表观形态学特性,优化了茎秆机械性能,增强了油用亚麻的抗倒伏能力;供钾量较低时,硅肥与钾肥对茎粗的互作正效应明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 钾肥 硅肥 油用亚麻 茎秆特性 抗倒伏 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-25 |
Influence of Potassium and Silicon Fertilizer on Characteristics of Stem Lodging-Resistance of Oil Flax |
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| Wang Yueping,Guo Lizhuo,Gao Yuhong,Liu Yahui,Gou Zhenyu,Xia Zhangxiang.Influence of Potassium and Silicon Fertilizer on Characteristics of Stem Lodging-Resistance of Oil Flax[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(36):26-33. |
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| Authors: | Wang Yueping Guo Lizhuo Gao Yuhong Liu Yahui Gou Zhenyu Xia Zhangxiang |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070;2.Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070 |
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| Abstract: | To improve lodging resistance of oil flax with effective fertilization measures, taking ‘Longya 11’ and ‘Dingya 23’ as experimental materials, the effects of potash fertilizer and silicon fertilizer application on stem morphology, mechanical lodging resistance and yield of oil flax were studied through split zone design. The results showed that plant height, height of center gravity, stem diameter, wall thickness and bending strength of ‘Longya 11’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Dingya 23’. Under the comprehensive influence of stem morphology and mechanical lodging resistance, the lodging rate of ‘Longya 11’ increased by 21.24% and its yield decreased by 9.43% compared with those of ‘Dingya 23’. Potash fertilizer significantly improved the apparent morphological characteristics of stem lodging-resistance, enhanced stem diameter, wall thickness, stem bending strength and lodging-resistant index dramatically, while reduced plant height and height of center gravity obviously. 1000-grain weight and grain yield increased by 7.35% and 9.34%. The main effects of silicon fertilizer on stem morphology, mechanical properties and grain yield did not reach significant level, but the interaction between silicon fertilizer and potassium fertilizer significantly increased stem diameter. The comprehensive lodging resistance index was significantly affected by the morphological characteristics of stems, and was significantly and negatively correlated with plant height and height of center of gravity, and significantly and positively correlated with stem diameter and wall thickness. There was significant difference in stem lodging resistance between the varieties. Potassium fertilization significantly improved apparent morphology and mechanical properties of stems, and then increased lodging resistance. The positive interaction between potassium and silicon fertilization was significant when potassium supply was low. |
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| Keywords: | potash fertilizer silicon fertilizer oil flax stem characteristics lodging resistance |
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