| 文冠果优良无性系授粉组合选择及结实性状分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 牛媛,敖妍,李云,田秀铭,杨长文,刘小天,李志虹.文冠果优良无性系授粉组合选择及结实性状分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2020,37(2):209-219. |
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| 作者姓名： | 牛媛 敖妍 李云 田秀铭 杨长文 刘小天 李志虹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学 省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室, 北京 1000832.北京林业大学 国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心, 北京 1000833.国家林业和草原局调查规划设计院, 北京 1007144.朝阳市果树技术推广站, 辽宁 朝阳 1220005.辽宁文冠实业开发有限公司, 辽宁 朝阳 1220006.科右前旗农牧和科技局农业研究所, 内蒙古 兴安盟 137713 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目2019GJZL02中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目2015ZCQ-LX-02国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目31600241 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究文冠果Xanthoceras sorbifolium优良无性系最佳授粉组合，提高其坐果率、种实产量，为科学配置授粉树及优良种质资源无性系化推广提供参考。 方法 以文冠果5个优良无性系为材料，进行花期物候观测、柱头可授性及花粉活力检测。进行控制授粉，分析各授粉组合受精率、坐果率、种实产量及种实性状。 结果 ① 5个无性系开花时间在4月27日至5月14日。②雌能花开花当天及花后1 d柱头可授性较强。③雄能花初开放和完全开放当天花粉活力较高。④综合考虑各授粉组合受精率、最终坐果率、产量及种实性状得出，10号无性系较佳授粉组合为10×16、10×119，14号、15号、16号最佳授粉组合分别为14×15、15×16、16×15，10号、14号、15号、16号均不适合做119号的授粉无性系。 结论 科学的授粉树配置可以提高文冠果坐果率及种实产量。
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| 关 键 词： | 植物学 文冠果 人工授粉 坐果率 种子产量 主成分分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-11 |
Selection of pollination combinations and analysis of fruit and seed characters of excellent clones of Xanthoceras sorbifolium |
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| NIU Yuan,AO Yan,LI Yun,TIAN Xiuming,YANG Changwen,LIU Xiaotian,LI Zhihong.Selection of pollination combinations and analysis of fruit and seed characters of excellent clones of Xanthoceras sorbifolium[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2020,37(2):209-219. |
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| Authors: | NIU Yuan AO Yan LI Yun TIAN Xiuming YANG Changwen LIU Xiaotian LI Zhihong |
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| Abstract: | Objective The present study attempts to provide reference for scientific allocation of pollination trees and superior clone popularization of Xanthoceras sorbifolium by investigating the best pollination combinations of the excellent clones to increase fruit setting rate and seed yield. Method Five superior clones were chosen to observe florescence phenology, stigma receptivity, and pollen viability. Control pollination was carried out to analyze the fertilization rate, fruit setting rate, and characters of each pollination combination related to seed yield. Result (1) The florescence stage of the 5 clones was from April 27 to May 14. (2)The stigma receptivity of female flowers was higher on the day of blooming and one day after that. (3)The pollen viability of male flowers was higher on the days of initial blooming and the complete blooming. (4)Considering fertilization rate, final fruit setting rate, seed yield, and fruit and seed characters of all pollination combinations, the optimal pollination combinations for No.10 were 10×16 and 10×119, and the recommended combinations for No.14, No.15, and No.16 were 14×15, 15×16, and 16×15 respectively. No.10, No.14, No.15 and No.16 were not suitable for pollination clone of No.119. Conclusion The fruit setting rate and seed yield of X. sorbifolium can be improved by scientific pollination combination. |
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