| 生物有机硒对不同水稻品种主要性状、重金属含量及硒吸收的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 余侃,肖秋水,黄思思,龙小玲,蔡端午,刘金龙,郑威.生物有机硒对不同水稻品种主要性状、重金属含量及硒吸收的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(5):1206-1214. |
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| 作者姓名： | 余侃 肖秋水 黄思思 龙小玲 蔡端午 刘金龙 郑威 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖北省农业科学院农业经济技术研究所/湖北省农业科技创新中心农业经济技术研究分中心/湖北省乡村振兴研究院, 武汉 430064;2. 英山县农业技术推广中心, 湖北黄冈 438700 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖北省农业科技创新项目（2019-620-000-001-39） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探索生物有机硒对不同水稻品种农艺、经济和品质等性状及稻米中重金属和硒含量的影响，筛选品质优良、安全性高和富硒能力强的优质水稻品种，为安全、简单和低成本的富硒水稻生产技术推广提供参考依据。【方法】以湖北省主推的10个优质水稻品种为试验材料，于灌浆初期分别叶面喷施同等剂量的生物有机硒溶液（硒浓度50 mg/L）和清水（CK），成熟后5点取样对每小区水稻的农艺、经济和品质性状及精米硒含量和重金属含量进行检测。【结果】生物有机硒对水稻株高和有效穗数无显著影响（P>0.05），但可不同程度地提高8个水稻品种的每穗总粒数（1.09%~5.52%）和每穗实粒数（2.64%~6.54%）、9个品种的千粒重（0.73%~3.61%）和所有品种的结实率（0.96%~4.81%）。生物有机硒处理对水稻的品质性状有一定改善作用，其中润珠香占的垩白度和天两优616的垩白粒率分别较CK降低46.67%和21.88%，虾稻1号的整精米率较CK提高8.78%，香润2号的胶稠度较CK提高10.00%，差异均达显著水平（P<0.05）。但生物有机硒对稻米粒型、直链淀粉含量和碱消值的影响较小。生物有机硒处理能提高10个水稻品种的精米总硒含量和有机硒含量，最大增幅分别达394.44%和453.19%，且有机硒占比均达95.00%以上；同时能在一定程度上降低部分水稻品种精米中铅和镉等有害重金属的含量，提高其安全性。【结论】硒对水稻性状的影响及稻米对硒的富集能力存在一定的品种差异性。综合分析，虾稻1号和丰两优香1号在产量、品质等性状上的表现较佳且富硒能力较强，可作为优质富硒稻米品种在湖北地区推广种植。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物有机硒 水稻品种 农艺经济性状 品质性状 重金属 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-04 |
Effects of bioorganic selenium on main characters,heavy metal content and selenium absorption of different rice varieties |
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| YU Kan,XIAO Qiu-shui,HUANG Si-si,LONG Xiao-ling,CAI Duan-wu,LIU Jin-long,ZHENG Wei.Effects of bioorganic selenium on main characters,heavy metal content and selenium absorption of different rice varieties[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(5):1206-1214. |
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| Authors: | YU Kan XIAO Qiu-shui HUANG Si-si LONG Xiao-ling CAI Duan-wu LIU Jin-long ZHENG Wei |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Economics and Technology Research Branch of Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center/Hubei Rural Revitalization Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, China;2. Yingshan County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Huanggang, Hubei 438700, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The objective of this research was to screen high-quality rice varieties with good quality, high safety and strong selenium (Se) enrichment ability, so as to provide a reference for the promotion of safe, simple and lowcost selenium-enriched rice production technology, analyzed the effects of bioorganic selenium on agronomic, economic and quality characteristics of different rice varieties, as well as heavy metals and selenium content in rice.【Method】The experiment was carried out with 10 high quality rice varieties mainly planted in Hubei as the experimental materials, bioorganic selenium solution(selenium concentration 50 mg/L) and water(CK) were sprayed on the leaves at the early stage of filling, respectively, samples were taken at 5 points after ripening to detect the agronomic, economic and quality characters, selenium content and heavy metal content of rice in each plot.【Result】The results showed that the biological organic selenium treatment had no significant effect(P>0.05) on rice plant height and effective panicle number, however, the total number of grains per panicle(1.09%-5.52%) and the number of grains per panicle(2.64%-6.54%) of 8 varieties, the 1000-grain weight(0.73%-3.61%) of 9 varieties and the seed setting rate(0.96%-4.81%) of all varieties were increased in different degrees, there by it could achieve increasing production on rice. Bioorganic selenium treatment could improve the quality of rice to a certain extent, the chalkiness of Runzhuxiangzhan and the chalky grain rate of Tianliangyou 616 were decreased by 46.67% and 21.88% compared with CK, respectively, the whole polished rice rate of Jin 214 increased by 8.78%, the gel consistency of Xiangrun 2 reached a significant difference(P<0.05) compared with the CK, and increased by 10.00%. Bioorganic selenium had little influence on grain shape, amylose content and alkali spreading value at the same time. The total selenium content and organic selenium content of the 10 rice varieties could be increased by bioorganic selenium treatment, and the maximum increase reached 394.44% and 453.19%, respectively, and the proportion of organic selenium was more than 95.00%. Meanwhile, it could reduce the content of lead and cadmium in milled rice to a certain extent and improve its safety.【Conclusion】The effects of selenium on rice characteristics and rice selenium enrichment capacity have certain variety differences, comprehensive analysis shows that Jin 214 and Fengliangyouxiang No.1 have better performance in yield, quality and selenium enrichment ability, and can be used as high quality and seleniumenriched rice varieties in Hubei. |
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