| 福建省典型菜地土壤-蔬菜汞富集规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 洪曾纯.福建省典型菜地土壤-蔬菜汞富集规律[J].热带农业科学,2016(9). |
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| 作者姓名： | 洪曾纯 |
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| 作者单位： | 福建省三明市农产品质量安全检验检测中心 福建三明 365000 |
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| 摘 要： | 调查了福建省12个县(市、区)的3种蔬菜(上海青、豇豆和包菜)和相应土壤的汞含量状况,研究大田条件下上海青、豇豆和包菜对土壤汞的富集规律。结果表明:调查区菜地土壤受到不同程度的汞污染,有29.1%的土壤总汞含量超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618—1995)中的二级指标。调查区蔬菜汞含量范围为0.02~5.21μg/kg,均低于《食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762-2012)中蔬菜汞的限量指标。调查区土壤有效汞含量与土壤总汞含量呈极显著的线性正相关,土壤汞有效度平均值为9.98%,表明汞在土壤不容易转化、被作物吸收。上海青、豇豆、包菜汞含量与土壤有效汞含量均呈极显著的线性相关,且线性关系优于各蔬菜汞含量与土壤总汞含量的关系。依据拟合的回归方程推算出土壤有效汞的安全临界值分别为上海青0.31 mg/kg、豇豆0.65 mg/kg、包菜1.29 mg/kg。依据土壤总汞含量与有效汞含量的拟合回归方程推算出相应的土壤总汞安全临界值分别为:上海青9.85 mg/kg、豇豆21.18 mg/kg、包菜42.52 mg/kg,均远高于国家土壤环境质量标准中的二级标准。
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| 关 键 词： | 汞 蔬菜 土壤安全临界值 福建省 |
Mercury Enrichment in Soil and Vegetables in Typical Vegetable Plots in Fujian Province,China |
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| Abstract: | Three species of vegetable (pakchoi, cowpea and cabbage) and the soils were sampled to determine their mercury (Hg) contents in vegetable plots from 12 counties of vegetable producing area in Fujian Province. Results showed that 29.1% of the soils sampled had higher Hg contents than the class secondary threshold of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB 15618-1995), indicating that the soils of the vegetable plots under survey were polluted by Hg. The Hg concentrations of the edible parts of the vegetables varied between 0.02 and 5.21 μg/kg, all lower than the Hg limit index for vegetables provided for in the Food Safety National Standard for Maximum Levels of Contaminants in Foods (GB 2762-2012). The soil available Hg content was significantly positively and linearly correlated with the soil total Hg, and the availability of the soil Hg content was 9.98%, suggesting the soil Hg was not easy to transform and absorb by crops. Hg accumulated in edible parts of vegetables such as pakchoi, cowpea and cabbage was significantly positively linearly correlated with available Hg in soil, and this linear relation was closer than the relation between the Hg content of vegetables and the total soil Hg content. The fitting regression equation estimated that the safety thresholds of available soil Hg content for patchoi, cowpea and cabbage were 0.31 mg/kg, 2.10 mg/kg, and 3.97 mg/kg, respectively. The safety thresholds expressed in total soil Hg for pakchoi, cowpea and cabbage were estimated to be 9.85, 21.18, 42.52 mg/kg based on the regression equations between the total and the available Hg contents in soils, much higher than those listed as the Class 2 in the National nvironmental Quality Standard for Soils. |
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| Keywords: | Mercury(Hg) vegetable soil safety threshold Fujian Province |
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