| 基于田块尺度土壤重金属空间分布及其生态风险评价 |
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| 作者姓名： | 王伟全 王雪 高珊 孙涛 孙约兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030;农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31971525）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）（2018YFD0800300） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了揭示田块尺度上土壤重金属污染特征及空间分布，以河南省新乡县翟坡镇某冬小麦种植农田为研究对象，采集了202个农田表层0~20 cm土壤和40个0~100 cm剖面土壤样品，分析了土壤样品中Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Mn的含量特征，运用地统计分析中的普通克里格插值法研究土壤重金属的空间分布规律，并结合地质累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对研究区土壤重金属的生态风险进行评价。结果表明，研究区表层土壤Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Mn均值为0.95、24.35、6.40、35.52、319.60、21.76mg·kg-1和157.32 mg·kg-1。Cr、Cd、Pb含量均超过河南省土壤重金属含量背景值，其中Cr、Cd含量超过《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》（GB 15618—2018）筛选值，点位超标率分别为98%和100%。总体来看，土壤重金属含量随着剖面深度增加而降低，调查区南部的部分区域重金属含量偏高。从地质累积指数法与潜在生态危害指数法两种方法来看，Cd污染最为严重，生态风险较高，应当对该区域土壤Cd污染采取一定的调控措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 农田土壤，重金属，空间分布，生态风险 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/2/1 0:00:00 |
Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in soil at the field scale |
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| Authors: | WANG Weiquan WANG Xue GAO Shan SUN Tao SUN Yuebing |
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| Institution: | School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 157000, China;Key Laboratory of Original AgroEnvironmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China |
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| Abstract: | Here, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics and spatial distribution of soil heavy metals at the field scale. A winter wheat planting farmland in Zhaipo Town(Xinxiang County, Henan Province) was used as the research object. We collected 202 topsoil(0~20 cm) samples and 40 profile(0~100 cm) soil samples. The content of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Mn was determined in the soil samples, and the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the soil was evaluated using ordinary Kriging interpolation in the geostatistical analysis. Furthermore, the ecological risk of soil heavy metals in the study area was evaluated by combining the geological accumulation and potential ecological hazard indexes. The results showed that the average content of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Mn in the topsoil of the study area was 0.95, 24.35, 6.40, 35.52, 319.60, 21.76 mg·kg-1, and 157.32 mg·kg-1, respectively. The content of Cr, Cd, and Pb exceeded the background levels of soil heavy metal content in Henan Province. The content of Cr and Cd exceeded the screening level of the Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Agricultural Land Soil Pollution(GB 15618-2018), by 98% and 100%, respectively. In general, the heavy metal content in the soil decreased with the profile depth, and the heavy metal content in most south of the survey area was high. The geological accumulation and potential ecological risk indexes revealed that Cd pollution is the most serious pollution and that its ecological risk is high. Therefore, some control measures should be taken to mitigate soil Cd pollution in the region. |
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| Keywords: | farmland soil heavy metal spatial distribution ecological risk |
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