| 挤压膨化与改性处理海带渣的油污吸附特性试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 李莎,张国琛,李秀辰,张倩,母刚,于鹏.挤压膨化与改性处理海带渣的油污吸附特性试验[J].大连海洋大学学报,2014(4):413-419. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李莎 张国琛 李秀辰 张倩 母刚 于鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 大连海洋大学辽宁省渔业装备工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023 |
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| 基金项目： | 辽宁省教育厅优秀人才支持计划项目（LR2011020） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用挤压膨化和改性处理的海带渣进行了油污吸附材料制备的试验研究，探讨了海带渣粒度和玉米碴添加量对挤压膨化海带渣油污吸附特性的影响，以及硬脂酸添加量、海带渣粒度和改性时间对改性海带渣油污吸附特性的影响。研究表明：增加玉米碴添加量，可提高挤压膨化海带渣的吸油率、吸油速率和漂浮率，但吸水率亦提高；海带渣粒度越小，挤压膨化后的海带渣吸油和漂浮效果越好，越不易吸水；当海带渣粒度为0.9 mm、玉米碴添加量为30%时，挤压膨化海带渣具有良好的油污吸附效果，其吸油率、吸油速率和漂浮率分别为142.8%、94.1%和49.4%，吸水率为89.2%。改性试验结果表明：硬脂酸改性可显著提高海带渣的漂浮率，降低其吸水率，但油污吸附效果随硬脂酸添加量的增加而下降；选择粒度较小的海带渣并且保证一定的改性时间，有利于提高油污吸附效果；当海带渣粒度为0.9 mm、硬脂酸添加量为8.5%、改性处理2 h时，海带渣的吸油率、吸油速率和漂浮率分别为217.5%、94.3%、94.0%，吸水率在31.0%以下，吸油率和漂浮率分别是挤压膨化海带渣的1.52倍和1.90倍，吸水率降低了65.2%。
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| 关 键 词： | 海带渣 挤压膨化 改性 溢油 污染 吸附 |
Oil-absorbing property of kelp Laminaria japonica residues extruded and modified by stearic acid |
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| Authors: | LI Sha ZHANG Guo-chen LI Xiu-chen ZHANG Qian MU Gang YU Peng |
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| Institution: | ( Research ＆ Development Center of Fisheries Equipment and Engineering of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China) |
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| Abstract: | Oil-absorbing property of kelp Laminaria japonica residues extruded and modified by stearic acid were studied to evaluate effects of kelp residues particle size and addition amount of corn flour and modification time on oil-absorbing property. Results showed that the expansion degree, oil absorption rate and floating rate were signifi-cantly increased with increase in mass ratio of corn flour, with elevated water absorption rate. Also, higher oil ab-sorption rate and floating rate and much lower water absorption rate were observed in the extruded kelp residues with smaller particle size. The oil absorption rate of 142. 8%, ratio of oil absorption rate to saturated absorption rate of 94. 1%,and floating rate of 49. 4% and water absorption rate of 89. 2% were found in the kelp residues with parti-cle size of 0. 9 mm and corn flour addition of 30% in mass. The findings indicated that stearic acid led to increase the floating rate and to decrease the water absorption rate of the modified kelp residues, while the oil-absorbing rate was decreased with the increase in corn flour supplementation. The higher oil absorption and floating rate were ob-served in the extruded kelp residues with smaller particle size and sufficient reaction time, though the water absorp-tion ratio was slightly higher. The oil absorption rate of 217. 5%, floating rate of 94. 3%, ratio of oil absorption rate to saturated absorption rate 94 . 0%, and water absorption rate of below 31 . 0% were found in the modified kelp residues with 0 . 9 mm particle size and modified for 2 h by addition of stearic acid at a rate of 8 . 5%. It was found that the modified kelp residues showed 1. 52 times higher oil absorption ratio, and 1. 91 times higher floating rate than the extruded kelp residues did, the water absorption rate being decreased by 65. 2%. |
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| Keywords: | kelp residues extrusion modification oil spill pollution absorption |
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