| 江苏沿岸海域大型底栖生物群落特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 张虎,袁健美,刘必林,贲成恺,于雯雯,高继先,杨波.江苏沿岸海域大型底栖生物群落特征[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(6):732-739. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张虎 袁健美 刘必林 贲成恺 于雯雯 高继先 杨波 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏 南通,226007;2. 上海海洋大学 海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海201306;大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海201306;3. 国家海洋局南通海洋环境监测中心站,江苏 南通,226002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目，公益性行业(农业)科研专项，江苏省财政资金资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解江苏沿岸海域大型底栖生物现状,分别于2014年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)和秋季(11月),对该海域大型底栖生物种类组成、生物量、丰度和生物多样性进行了调查。结果表明:3个航次共采集到大型底栖生物种类6门(环节动物、棘皮动物、甲壳动物、软体动物、腔肠动物和鱼类)92种,其中,甲壳动物种类最多(31种),其次为鱼类(28种)和软体类(27种),大型底栖生物种类数呈现北部海域(54种)南部海域(32种)中部海域(30种)的特征,优势种类主要有伶鼬榧螺Oliva mustelina、海地瓜Acaudina molpadioides、马氏刺蛇尾Ophrothrix marenzelleri、沙蚕Nereis succinea、毛蚶Scapharca kagoshimensis和缢蛏Sinonovacula constricta;3个航次大型底栖生物平均丰度为6.33 ind./m2,时空分布为春季南部海域中部海域和北部海域,夏季为南部海域北部海域中部海域,秋季为北部海域南部海域中部海域;大型底栖生物平均生物量为13.22 g/m2,时空分布为春季和夏季南部海域北部海域中部海域,秋季为中部海域南部海域北部海域;以季节和海域为双因素对物种数、丰度、生物量、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef物种多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数进行方差分析,结果表明,除丰度不同海域间存在显著性差异(P0.05)外,其他各项均无显著性差异(P0.05)。研究表明,与历史资料相比,江苏沿岸海域大型底栖生物种类数减少,优势种类发生变化。
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| 关 键 词： | 大型底栖生物 丰度 生物量 多样性 江苏沿岸海域 |
Macrozoobenthic community in the coastal waters in Jiangsu Province |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hu YUAN Jian-mei LIU Bi-lin BEN Cheng-kai YU Wen-wen GAO Ji-xian YANG Bo |
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| Abstract: | Macrozoobenthic community including species composition, abundance, biomass, and biodiversity was monitored in the coastal waters in Jiangsu Province in spring, summer, and autumn of 2014. A total of 92 species were found, belonging to six categories ( Annulata, Echinodermata, Crustacea, Mollusca, Coelenterata and Fish) , with the maximal number of crustacea (31 species), followed by fish (28 species) and mollusca (27 species). The order of number of macrobenthic species was expressed as norther part(54 species)> southern part(32 spe-cies)> middle part(30 species), with dominant species of Oliva mustelina, Acaudina molpadioides, Ophrothrix marenzelleri, Nereis succinea sp., Scapharca kagoshimensis, and Sinonovacula constrzcta and average abundance of 6.33 ind. /m2 . The spatial and temporal profiles of average abundance was described as south part > middle part and north part in spring, south part >north part >middle part in summer and north part >south part >middle part in autumn. The order of spatial and temporal profile of average macrobenthic biomass was expressed as south part >north part >middle part in spring and summer and middle part >south part >north part in autumn, with average macrobenthic biomass of 13.22 g/m2 . Variance analysis of species number, abundance,biomass, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margaled diversity index, and Pielou evenness index using season and sea area as two factors re-vealed that there were no significant differences in those factors ( P>0.05) except for abundance in various parts of the surveyed area ( P<0.05) . |
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| Keywords: | macrobenthos abundance biomass diversity coastal waters in Jiangsu Province |
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