| 施用生物炭对3种烟用农药残留的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 代快,李江舟,蒲天燕,计思贵,张立猛,张璐,段淑辉,孟军,张翠萍,樊苗苗.施用生物炭对3种烟用农药残留的影响[J].中国农业科技导报,2019,21(8):99-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 代快 李江舟 蒲天燕 计思贵 张立猛 张璐 段淑辉 孟军 张翠萍 樊苗苗 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司, 烟草行业病虫害生物防治工程研究中心, 云南 玉溪 653100; 2.祁阳农田生态系统国家野外试验站, 湖南 祁阳 426182; 3.湖南省烟草科学研究所, 长沙 410010; 4.辽宁省生物炭工程技术研究中心, 沈阳 110866; 5.中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划重点项目（2018530000241018）；中国科协青年人才托举工程项目（2016QNRC001）；中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目（2013YN19）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究生物炭对烤烟几种常用农药残留的影响,通过田间试验研究土壤中添加外源生物炭对烟叶及土壤中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆3种农药残留的影响。结果表明:施药后10 d,施炭处理烟叶中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆含量较相应对照分别降低25.63%、57.10%和39.84%,其中,甲霜灵已降至最大残留限量以下;施药后40 d,施炭处理烟叶中顺式氯氰菊酯和砜嘧磺隆也降至最大残留限量以下。施药后10d,施炭处理土壤中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆含量较相应对照分别增加176.23%、115.05%和23.28%。可见,施用生物炭可以显著降低烟叶中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆3种农药残留量,缩短供试3种农药的施药安全间隔期,增加土壤农药残留量。结果为应用生物炭调控作物农药残留提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 农药残留 烤烟 顺式氯氰菊酯 甲霜灵 砜嘧磺隆 |
Effects of Biochar on Three Pesticide Residues in Flue-cured Tobacco |
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| DAI Kuai,LI Jiangzhou,PU Tianyan,JI Sigui,ZHANG Limeng,ZHANG Lu,DUAN Shuhui,MENG Jun,ZHANG Cuiping,FAN Miaomiao.Effects of Biochar on Three Pesticide Residues in Flue-cured Tobacco[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2019,21(8):99-106. |
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| Authors: | DAI Kuai LI Jiangzhou PU Tianyan JI Sigui ZHANG Limeng ZHANG Lu DUAN Shuhui MENG Jun ZHANG Cuiping FAN Miaomiao |
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| Institution: | 1.Biological Control for Tobacco Diseases and Insect Pests Engineering Research Center of China Tobacco, Yunnan Tobacco Company Yuxi Branch; Yunnan Yuxi 653100; 2.Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan Qiyang 426182; 3.Hunan Tobacco Science Institute, Changsha 410010; 4.Liaoning Biochar Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shenyang 110866; 5.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate the effects of biochar on residue of pesticides frequently used in flue-cured tobacco, the effects of exogenous biochar on pesticide residues of α-cypermethrin, metalaxyl and rimsulfuron in tobacco leaves and its planting soil were studied by field experiments. The results showed that the contents of α-cypermethrin, metalaxyl and rimsulfuron in tobacco leaves with biochar application were decreased by 25.63%, 57.10% and 39.84%, respectively, after treated for 10 d, compared to the corresponding control. The metalaxyl level at 10 d after pesticides application was below the maximum residue limit standard, and α-cypermethrin and rimsulfuron levels in tobacco leaves with biochar application were reduced bellow the maximum residue limit standard at 40 d after treatment. At 10 d after pesticides treated, the contents of α-cypermethrin, metalaxyl and rimsulfuron in soil treated with biochar increased by 176.23%, 115.05% and 23.28%, respectively, compared with the corresponding control. In conclusion, biochar could significantly reduce the residues of α-cypermethrin, metalaxyl and rimsulfuron in tobacco leaves，and could shorten the safe interval of the 3 pesticides application in flue-cured tobacco. Moreover, biochar application significantly increased the residues of the 3 pesticides in soils. The results provided a theoretical basis for the application of biochar to control pesticide residues in crops. |
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| Keywords: | pesticide residue flue-cured tobacco α-cypermethrin metalaxyl rimsulfuron |
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