| 马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区虾类组成及其多样性 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁金玲,汪振华,章守宇,徐胜南,吴程宏,陈玲.马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区虾类组成及其多样性[J].上海海洋大学学报,2016,25(1):124-134. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁金玲 汪振华 章守宇 徐胜南 吴程宏 陈玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学,上海海洋大学,上海海洋大学,上海海洋大学,上海海洋大学,上海海洋大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解马鞍列岛海洋特别保护区虾类群落组成特征,于2013年夏季(7月)、秋季(10月)和2014年冬季(3月)、春季(5月)对马鞍列岛海域进行了桁杆虾拖网调查,分析了该海域虾类的种类组成、优势度、资源密度及多样性等群落结构特征,探讨了主要优势种密度对虾类总密度的影响。结果全年在马鞍列岛海域采集虾类20种,隶属于2目9科16属。种类数以秋季最多(16种),春季次之(14种),冬季(13种),夏季最少(12种)。葛氏长臂虾(Palaemon gravie)、细巧仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis tenella)和口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)在各个季节皆为优势种,是影响马鞍列岛海域虾类资源密度变化的主要种类。虾类的群落生物量和丰度在夏季达到最高(206.7 kg/km~2和117.4×103ind/km~2),而秋季降至最低(46.9 kg/km~2和28.7×103ind/km~2)。马鞍列岛海域虾类的丰富度指数(D)为1.12~1.55,多样性指数(H')为0.84~1.55,均匀度指数(J')为0.41~0.76,均表现为秋季冬季夏季春季。各季节群落多样性指数存在显著差异(P0.05)。
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| 关 键 词： | 虾类 种类组成 优势度 资源密度 多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/6/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/8/26 0:00:00 |
Composition and diversity of shrimps in the Protected Ma'an Archipelago area |
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| LIANG Jinling,WANG Zhenhu,ZHANG Shouyu,XU Shengnan,WU Chenghong and CHEN Ling.Composition and diversity of shrimps in the Protected Ma''an Archipelago area[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2016,25(1):124-134. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Jinling WANG Zhenhu ZHANG Shouyu XU Shengnan WU Chenghong and CHEN Ling |
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| Institution: | Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai Ocean University |
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| Abstract: | Understanding shrimps community structure in regional scales is vital in the study of its ecological roles to predators, especially when studied area are happened to be idea feeding and spawning grounds for commercial fishes. Based on samples collected by shrimp trawls from summer(July) and autumn(October) in 2013 to winter(march) and spring(may) in 2014 in the protected Ma'an Archipelago area, we analyzed the seasonal variations in species composition, dominance, resource density and species diversity and richness of shrimps, and discussed the contribution of dominant species to the total resource density. In all, 20 species of shrimp were collected, which belonged to 9 families under 16 genera. From summer to spring, the number of shrimp species turned out to be 12, 16, 13 and 14. Palaemon gravie, Parapenaeopsis tenella and Oratosquilla oratoria were dominant species in all year, which were the main species influencing the variation in shrimp resource density. The biomass and abundance of shrimp were greatest in summer(206.7kg/km2 and 117.4×103 ind/km2), while the least in autumn (46.9kg/km2 and 28.7×103 ind/km2). The Margalef richness index(D) of shrimp was 1.12-1.55, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H') was 0.84-1.55, and the Pielou evenness index(J') was 0.41-0.76. Diversity indinces tend to be highest in autumn, and then was in winter and summer, but lowest in spring. One-way ANOVA declared that diversity indinces had notable difference between seasons (P<0.05). |
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| Keywords: | shrimp species composition dominance resource density diversity |
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