| 珠江河网淡水鱼、虾和河蚬重金属污染特性及安全性评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢文平,马丽莎,郑光明,刘书贵.珠江河网淡水鱼、虾和河蚬重金属污染特性及安全性评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,36(6):839-846. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢文平 马丽莎 郑光明 刘书贵 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 农业部热带亚热带水产种质资源利用与养殖重点实验室, 农业部水产品质量安全风险评估实验室, 广州 510380,中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 农业部热带亚热带水产种质资源利用与养殖重点实验室, 农业部水产品质量安全风险评估实验室, 广州 510380,中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 农业部热带亚热带水产种质资源利用与养殖重点实验室, 农业部水产品质量安全风险评估实验室, 广州 510380,中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 农业部热带亚热带水产种质资源利用与养殖重点实验室, 农业部水产品质量安全风险评估实验室, 广州 510380 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503108） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了全面评价珠江河网水产品重金属残留及食用安全风险，对鱼、虾和河蚬重金属的含量进行了检测分析，同时采用单因子污染指数（Pi）、综合污染指数（MPI）和健康风险评价模型对其污染程度、食用致癌和非致癌风险进行了评价。结果表明，水产品中重金属的含量（以鲜质量计）范围（均值）分别为Cr 0.031~0.264（0.131）mg·kg-1、Ni 0.077~0.742（0.170）mg·kg-1、Cu 0.199~22.575（2.318）mg·kg-1、Zn 3.422~36.764（7.939）mg·kg-1、As 0.112~4.192（0.339）mg·kg-1、Cd 0.004~1.269（0.095）mg·kg-1、Hg 0.012~0.048（0.026）mg·kg-1、Pb 0.028~0.253（0.096）mg·kg-1。鱼类和虾样品重金属残留均在安全值以内，但河蚬As和Cd残留略超标准值。水产品重金属污染程度评价结果表明，单因子污染指数排序为Cd > As > Pb > Hg > Cr > Zn > Cu。MPI值表明，不同水产品的污染程度依次为贝类（1.038） > 虾类（0.353） > 鱼类（0.101~0.292）。不同水产品重金属残留量的差异主要与它们不同的摄食习性、生活环境和对特定重金属的富集能力有关。健康风险评价结果表明，水产品复合重金属总目标危害系数（TTHQ）的高低顺序依次为河蚬 > 虾 > 鳢 > 鲶鱼 > 鲫鱼 > 翘嘴红鲌 > 鲈鱼 > 麦鲮 > 鲤鱼 > 餐条 > 罗非鱼 > 鲢鱼 > 广东鲂 > 鲮鱼 > 草鱼 > 赤眼鳟 > 鳙鱼。复合重金属TTHQ大于1，其中As的贡献比例最高，平均贡献率为51.7%。研究表明，当地居民若长期食用河蚬存在一定致癌风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 珠江河网，水产品，重金属，健康风险评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/4/12 0:00:00 |
Pollution status and safety assessment of heavy metals in natural fish, shrimp, and shellfish from Pearl River waterway |
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| XIE Wen-ping,MA Li-sh,ZHENG Guang-ming and LIU Shu-gui.Pollution status and safety assessment of heavy metals in natural fish, shrimp, and shellfish from Pearl River waterway[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2019,36(6):839-846. |
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| Authors: | XIE Wen-ping MA Li-sh ZHENG Guang-ming and LIU Shu-gui |
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| Institution: | Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Seafood Quality and Security Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510380, China,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Seafood Quality and Security Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510380, China,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Seafood Quality and Security Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510380, China and Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Seafood Quality and Security Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510380, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to comprehensively evaluate residual, ecological, and edible health risks of natural aquatic products caused by heavy metals in the Pearl River waterway, the concentrations of heavy metals in fish, shrimp, and shellfish were determined. The extent of pollution carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of aquatic products were evaluated by single factor pollution index (Pi), comprehensive pollution index (MPI), and various health risk assessment models. The results showed the following concentration ranges (means) of heavy metals in aquatic products in fresh weight:Cr 0.031~0.264 (0.131) mg·kg-1, Ni 0.077~0.742 (0.170) mg·kg-1, Cu 0.199~22.575 (2.318) mg·kg-1, Zn 3.422~36.764 (7.939) mg·kg-1, As 0.112~4.192 (0.339) mg·kg-1, Cd 0.004~1.269 (0.095) mg·kg-1, Hg 0.012~0.048 (0.026) mg·kg-1, Pb 0.028~0.253 (0.096) mg·kg-1. Compared with different aquatic products, the metal concentrations in fish and shrimp samples were within the quality safety limits, but the As and Cd concentrations of shellfish slightly exceeded the corresponding limits. The single factor pollution index of the extent of heavy metal pollution of aquatic products was in the order Cd > As > Pb > Hg > Cr > Zn > Cu. The MPI values showed that the degree of pollution of different aquatic products was shellfish (1.038) > shrimp (0.353) > fish (0.101~0.292). The heavy metal residues in different fishes were mainly attributed to their different feeding habits, living environment, and accumulation ability to specific heavy metals. In health risk assessment, the order of TTHQ (Total target hazard quotient) of aquatic products was as follows:shellfish > shrimps > Eleotridae > catfish > crucians > Culter alburnus > perch > mrigal carp > carp > sharpbelly > tilapia > silver carp > Gungdong bream > dace > grass carp > Barbel chub > bighead fish. The TTHQ of complex heavy metals was more than 1,and the contribution rate of As was the highest with an average contribution rate of 51.7%. Thus, there is a certain risk of carcinogenesis associated with edible shellfish. |
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| Keywords: | Pearl River Delta aquatic products heavy metal health risk assessment |
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