| 藏东南嘎隆拉和墨脱河谷蚂蚁群落研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘霞,徐正会,于娜娜,张成林,周雪英.藏东南嘎隆拉和墨脱河谷蚂蚁群落研究[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(1):34-40. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘霞 徐正会 于娜娜 张成林 周雪英 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南林业大学林学院 云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650224;西南林业大学林学院 云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650224;西南林业大学林学院 云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650224;西南林业大学林学院 云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650224;西南林业大学林学院 云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650224 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（Nos.30870333，31260521）；西南林业大学云南省省级重点学科（林学）（No.5009750101-8）；云南省林学一流学科建设项目（No.51600625）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]为了揭示藏东南地区蚂蚁群落的生态学规律,对藏东南嘎隆拉和墨脱河谷不同样地的蚂蚁群落进行了调查研究,揭示藏东南地区蚂蚁多样性。方法]采用样地调查法和手拣法进行调查;利用Estmaete S 9.1.0程序对数据进行处理,分析抽样充分性;利用多样性分析法,分析了蚂蚁群落的组成、优势种、物种多样性、群落均匀度及群落相似性等群落特征。结果]合计发现蚁科Formicidae昆虫8亚科,45属,96种。分析发现,不同植被类型优势种和稀有种组成不同,稀有种较多。低海拔区域的沟谷雨林和常绿阔叶林蚂蚁优势种具有明显的热带和亚热带特征。多样性分析发现,各样地中的蚂蚁群落物种丰富度0 42种,个体密度0.0 1 805.6头·m-2,多样性指数02.285 5,均匀度指数0.251 0 0.873 6,优势度指数0.147 0 1.000 0。其中海拔1 200 m沟谷雨林的蚂蚁物种丰富度最高(42种);海拔1 450 m季风常绿阔叶林的多样性指数最高(2.285 5),优势度最低(0.147 0);海拔2 960m高山松林均匀度指数最高(0.873 6);高海拔的针叶林蚂蚁物种丰富度和多样性均最低,优势度最高。北坡分布的物种稀少,南坡物种丰富;群落相似性系数表明不同海拔和植被的蚂蚁群落间差异显著。结论]嘎隆拉和墨脱河谷生境存在明显差异,蚂蚁群落的物种数目、个体密度、多样性指数和均匀度指数总体呈现随海拔升高和植被的更替而降低的规律,但在南坡下部和中部出现2个峰值,分别为热带和温带物种的聚集群,表现出多域效应现象(Multi-Domain Effect)。植被、海拔和坡向对蚂蚁物种的分布和多样性影响深刻。
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| 关 键 词： | 蚁科 物种多样性 群落相似性 植被类型 西藏 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/11/18 0:00:00 |
Ant Species Diversity of Mount Galongla and Medog Valley in Southeastern Tibet |
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| LIU Xi,XU Zheng-hui,YU Na-n,ZHANG Cheng-lin and ZHOU Xue-ying.Ant Species Diversity of Mount Galongla and Medog Valley in Southeastern Tibet[J].Forest Research,2017,30(1):34-40. |
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| Authors: | LIU Xi XU Zheng-hui YU Na-n ZHANG Cheng-lin and ZHOU Xue-ying |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] er to reveal the ecological role of ant community in southeastern Tibet, the ant communities of different sample-plot from Mount Galongla and Medog Valley were investigated.Method] Sample-plot and hand picking method were used to investigated the ant communities of different sample-plot; EstmaeteS 9.1.0 program was used to process the data and to analyze the adequacy of sampling. The diversity analysis method was used to analyze the community characteristics, including composition of ant community, dominant species, diversity and evenness of community and community similarity.Result] In total, 96 ant species belonging to 8 subfamilies and 45 genera of Formicidae were recognized. Analysis shows that composition of dominant and rare species are various in different vegetation types, but most species are rare ones. The dominant species have obvious tropical and subtropical characters in valley rainforest and evergreen broadleaf forest in lower altitude areas. The results show that the ant species richness in different sample plots ranges between 0~42, the diversity indexes range between 0~2.285 5, the evenness indexes range between 0.251~0 0.873 6, and the dominant indexes range between 0.147 0~1.000 0. The richness of ant species is the highest in tropical valley rainforest at the altitude of 1 200 m (42 species). The diversity of ant community is the highest in subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest at the altitude of 1 450 m (2.285 5), meanwhile the dominance is the lowest (0.147 0). However, the evenness of ant community is the highest in Pinus densata forest at the altitude of 2 960 m. And both the richness and diversity of ant community are the lowest in coniferous forest at high altitude zone, but the dominance is the highest. Few species lives on the north slope, and the most species dwells on south slope. Similarity analysis shows significant difference among ant communities from different altitude and vegetation types.Conclusion] It is concluded that the habitats of Mount Galongla and Medog Valley are remarkable different and the amount, individual density, diversity and evenness indexes of ant species are decreasing with altitude raising, but two index peaks appear at lower and middle potions of the south slope, where are inhabited by the assembles of tropical and temperate species respectively, and shows a Multi-Domain Effect. The distribution and diversity of ant species are deeply influenced by vegetation, altitude and slop direction. |
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| Keywords: | Formicidae species diversity community similarity vegetation types Tibet |
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