|
|||||
|
|
| 银杏种源、家系、无性系选择研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 肖新华,张云跃,刘佳强,王巨生,王以平,蒋剑军,彭建都,黄能超,何国强,夏国新,喻成春,尹解明,简梦完,周俊杰,彭勇强,刘爱云.银杏种源、家系、无性系选择研究[J].经济林研究,2002,20(2):1-52. |
| 作者姓名： | 肖新华 张云跃 刘佳强 王巨生 王以平 蒋剑军 彭建都 黄能超 何国强 夏国新 喻成春 尹解明 简梦完 周俊杰 彭勇强 刘爱云 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 湖南省安化县林业科学研究所,湖南,安化,413500 2. 湖南省安化县林业局,湖南,安化,413500 3. 湖南省益阳市林业局,湖南,益阳,413000 |
| 摘 要： | 从1993年起，连续4年从银杏分布区内多个地区分别母树采集自由授粉种子，开展了历时8年的田间试验，同时以试验地本地成年树资源为材料进行了补充调查，结果表明：（1）当前银杏核用良种的最佳选择途径为无性系选择，叶用良种的最佳选择途径为种源，家系联合选择，材用良种的最佳选择途径为家系选择。（2）当前银杏核用良种选择工作中，应该把种核壳厚度，种仁总糖浓度列入目的性状之中，而对种核出仁率，种仁淀粉浓度不加测定也无妨，（3）初步认为，湖南凤凰，江苏泰兴与邳县，河南嵩县，河北安陆，辽宁丹东，重庆等7个产地所产银杏种核，风干重较大，壳较薄，出仁率较高，江苏吴县，浙江临安，河南新县，广西全州等4个产地所产种仁，蛋白质，脂肪，淀粉浓度都较高，广东南雄所产种仁总糖浓度较高。（4）初步认为，在试验地，河南嵩县种源的银杏苗木，叶片中总黄酮，总内酯浓度都较高，辽宁丹东，山东郯城种源的苗木，叶片中总黄酮浓度较高。湖北安陆，湖南新宁种源的苗木，叶片中总内酯浓度较高。（5）在试验地，湖南新宁与安化，辽宁丹东，湖北安陆，浙江富阳，广西兴安，安徽金寨等7个种源和18、19、22号，丹东1号，新宁2、7、11、17号，安化，1，10号，兴安22号，金寨4号，安陆4号等13个家系的银杏苗木，表现出了早期速生特性。（6）银杏种核长宽比与壳厚度呈负相关，种仁Ca,Mn浓度与总糖浓度呈正相关，苗木单叶干重与叶片内酯浓度呈正相关，苗木基径与生物量的相关比苗高与生物量的相关更为密切，这些规律在生产工作中具有直接应用价值。（7）在银杏全分布区内，种核风干重，种仁Mn浓度的地理变异都可能属经向渐变模式，种仁K浓度的地理变异属纬向渐变模式，种核长度与长宽比，种仁脂肪浓度的地理变异都属（或可能属）经-纬渐变模式；在长江中下游地区内，1年生苗高的地理变异属纬向渐变模式。 |
| 关 键 词： | 种核形态 经济性状 银杏 种源 家系 无性系 选择 |
| 文章编号： | 1003-8981(2002)02-0001-52 |
Studies on Selective Provenances Families and Clones of Ginkgo |
|
| XIAO Xin-hua ,ZHANG Yun-yue ,LIU Jia-qiang ,WANG Ju-sheng WANG Yi-ping ,JIANG Jian-jun ,PENG Jian-du ,HUANG Neng-chao HE Guo-qiang ,XIA Guo-xin ,YU Cheng-chun ,YIN Jie-ming JIAN Meng-wan ,ZHOU Jun-jie ,PENG Yong-qiang ,LIU Ai-.Studies on Selective Provenances Families and Clones of Ginkgo[J].Economic Forest Researches,2002,20(2):1-52. | |
| Authors: | XIAO Xin-hua ZHANG Yun-yue LIU Jia-qiang WANG Ju-sheng WANG Yi-ping JIANG Jian-jun PENG Jian-du HUANG Neng-chao HE Guo-qiang XIA Guo-xin YU Cheng-chun YIN Jie-ming JIAN Meng-wan ZHOU Jun-jie PENG Yong-qiang LIU Ai- |
| Institution: | XIAO Xin-hua 1,ZHANG Yun-yue 2,LIU Jia-qiang 1,WANG Ju-sheng 1WANG Yi-ping 1,JIANG Jian-jun 2,PENG Jian-du 1,HUANG Neng-chao 3HE Guo-qiang 2,XIA Guo-xin 2,YU Cheng-chun 2,YIN Jie-ming 1JIAN Meng-wan 1,ZHOU Jun-jie 1,PENG Yong-qiang 1,LIU Ai- |
| Abstract: | Field experiment as long as 8 years were surveyed in terms of seeds which were pollinated freely from differentseed bearer in several areas of Ginkgo biloba distribution, collected in continuous 4 years since 1993. Supplementaryresearch based on local adult tree resources was surveyed. Result indicated that: (1) Currently, to select elite the best way isclone if core used, is combination of provenance and family if leaf used, is family if timber used. (2)The thickness of seed'sshell and the sugar density of seed's kernel should be included in target characters, and do't mention the state of rate of kerneland the starch density when selecting kernel used elites.(3)It's rudimentarily believed that Ginkgo's seeds produced inFenghuang Hunan,Taixing and Qi county Jiangsu,Song county Henan,Anlu Hebei,Dandong Liaoning,Chongqing haveadvantage of the air drying weight,the thickness of shell and the rate of kernel ,that the kernel produced in Wu countyJiangsu,Linan Zhenjiang,Xin county Henan,Quanzhou Guangxi are rich in protein ?fat and starch,that the kernel produced inNanxiong Guangdong are rich in sugar.(4)It's rudimentarily believed that the leaves are rich in both flavor and ginkgolidesplanted in Song county Henan,are rich in flavon planted in Dandong Liaoning and Tancheng Shandong,are rich inginkgolides planted in Anlu Hubei and Xinning Hunan.(5)The accelerated character in early stage was shown by 13 familiesincluding Xinxiang and Anhua Hunan,Dandong Liaoning,Anlu Hubei,Fuyang Zhejiang,Xingan Guangxi,Jinzhai Anhui andNo.18,No.19,No.22, Dandong No.1,Xinning No.2,No.7,No.11,No.17,Anhua No.1,No.10,Xing'an No.22,Jinzhai No.4,AnluNo.4.(6)The rate of length to breadth of seed was negatively correlated to the thickness of shell.The density of Ca and Mn inkernel was obviously correlated to sugar in kernel,just like the net weight to the density of ginkgolides in single leaf.Baseddiameter was more closed related to biomass than height was.Directly applied value in reality was in abovelaws.(7)Geographical variation of seed's net weight and kernel's sugar density belong to model of gradaal change alonglongitude direction,but kernel's density of K belong to latitude direction,just as one years tree's height does in middle andlower reaches of Yangze River.More over,the length and the rate of length to breadth of seed and the density of fat in kernel(perhaps) belong to both of above. |
| Keywords: | Ginkgo biloba Provenance Family Clone |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ | |