| 九寨沟地区麦吊云杉资源现状及其保护对策研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 彭建,代金莉,赵福陪,张越,刘邵谋,张泽,李晓清,赵晓燕,辜云杰.九寨沟地区麦吊云杉资源现状及其保护对策研究[J].四川林业科技,2020,41(3):23-30. |
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| 作者姓名： | 彭建 代金莉 赵福陪 张越 刘邵谋 张泽 李晓清 赵晓燕 辜云杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川省林业科学研究院,四川成都,610081;九寨沟县林业和草原局,四川九寨沟,623400;长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室,华西雨屏区人工林生态系统研究长期科研基地,四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川成都,611130;九寨沟县林业和草原局,四川九寨沟,623400;四川省林业科学研究院,四川成都,610081;阿坝州林业和草原局,四川马尔康,624000 |
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| 基金项目： | 麦吊云杉种质资源遗传多样性保护示范 |
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| 摘 要： | 麦吊云杉(Picea brachytyla)是我国特有种,为Ⅲ级保护植物,综合利用价值较高。采用样线法和样方法对九寨沟地区麦吊云杉种质资源开展全面调查,并分析其生境状况、植被生长现状。结果显示,麦吊云杉在该地区均有分布,海拔2200~2600 m范围内分布最多。其天然林分以成熟林为主,占调查总量的64.04%,很少发现天然更新的幼苗,表明麦吊云杉群落处于衰退期,且缺乏天然更新能力。生境土壤以酸性土壤为主,N、P、速效P和速效K含量分别在1.78~4.45 g·kg^-1、0.46~1.16 g·kg^-1、4.56~12.35 mg·kg^-1和84.40~105.60 mg·kg^-1之间。麦吊云杉多生于阴坡面,调查共发现林下植物17种,分属10科13属,其中蹄盖蕨等构成了草本植物本底,荚蒾类、冷箭竹等耐阴性很强的矮小灌木为灌木群代表种,高山杜鹃等较高的灌木也是林下常见的灌木种。混交乔木层较为复杂,主要有冷杉、云杉、桦木、槭树和其他阔叶树等5大类,且麦吊云杉的组成均在70%以上,蓄积在90%以上。综合分析,应对九寨沟地区的麦吊云杉进行人为的遗传保育和人工促进更新,以实现麦吊云杉种质资源的可持续开发和利用。
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| 关 键 词： | 九寨沟 麦吊云杉 样线法 样方法 资源现状 保护对策 |
Study on the Current Status and Protection Countermeasures of Picea brachytyla Resources in Jiuzhaigou Region |
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| Peng Jian,Dai Jinli,Zhao Fupe,Zhang Yue,Liu Shaomou,Zhang Ze,Li Xiaoqing,ZHAO Xiaoyan,Gu Yunjie.Study on the Current Status and Protection Countermeasures of Picea brachytyla Resources in Jiuzhaigou Region[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2020,41(3):23-30. |
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| Authors: | Peng Jian Dai Jinli Zhao Fupe Zhang Yue Liu Shaomou Zhang Ze Li Xiaoqing ZHAO Xiaoyan Gu Yunjie |
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| Institution: | (Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China;Jiuzhaigou Bureau of Forestry and Grassland,Jiuzhaigou 623400,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River&National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River&Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base,Institute of Ecology&Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Aba Prefecture Bureau of Forestry and Grassland,Maerkang 624000,China) |
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| Abstract: | Picea brachytyla is an endemic species in China,and it is protected as a vulnerable plant in China with high comprehensive utilization values.The line transect and quadrat methods were used to conduct a comprehensive investigation on P.brachytyla resources in the Jiuzhaigou Region,and to analyze characteristics of hatitat environment and vegetation growth status.The results showed that P.brachytyla resources were distributed all over Jiuzhaigou,mainly at the altitude of 2200?2600 above sea level.The mature forest is the main natural stand of P.brachytyla,occupying 64.04%.Very few natural regeneration seedlings were found,which indicated that P.brachytyla community in Jiuzhaigou was in the decline period and lacked natural regeneration capacity.The habitat soil was mainly acid soil,with the content of total N and P,available P and K ranging from 1.78 to 4.45 g·kg^?1,0.46?1.16 g·kg^?1,4.56?12.35 mg·kg^?1,and 84.40?105.60 mg·kg^?1 respectively.A total of 17 species of understory plants were found,belonging to 13 genera and 10 families.Athyrium filix-femina plants constituted the background of herbaceous plants,and dwarf shrubs with strong negative tolerance such as Viburnum plants and Bashania fangiana constituted the low shrub groups,and higher shrubs such as Rhododendron lapponicum were also the common shrub plants in understory.The mixed tree layer of P.brachytyla was relatively complex,mainly including five categories:Abies fabri,Picea asperata,Betula plants,Acer plants and other broad-leaved trees.Among the mixed stands,the composition of P.brachytyla was more than 70%,and the accumulation was more than 90%.Comprehensive analysis indicated that the artificial genetic conservation and promotion of P.brachytyla in Jiuzhaigou region should be carried out,so as to realize the sustainable development and utilization of P.brachytyla resources. |
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| Keywords: | The Jiuzhaigou Region Picea brachytyla Line transect method Quadrat method Resources situation Protection strategy |
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