| 木塑与钢材复合温室骨架设计及力学性能试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 倪欣宇,鲍恩财,邹志荣,张勇.木塑与钢材复合温室骨架设计及力学性能试验[J].北方园艺,2020(6):55-62. |
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| 作者姓名： | 倪欣宇 鲍恩财 邹志荣 张勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学园艺学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国博士后基金资助项目(2015T81053,2014M562458);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2018TSCXL-NY-05-05)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 木塑复合材料是近几年发展较快的一种新型材料,具有易加工、密度高、硬度强的特点。为探究木塑在温室建筑上的应用,设计了一种适合温室使用的木塑与钢材复合骨架,并进行力学性能试验。该试验以木塑和钢材为试材,采用拉伸、压缩、人工气候老化及复合骨架应用于温室的方法,研究了其抗拉、抗压强度及其在温室中应用情况,以期能够开发一种在性能和价格上与钢骨架结构材料相媲美的新材料。结果表明:在低温、室温和高温条件下,木塑的抗拉强度分别为28.391、24.954、15.000 MPa,木塑的抗压强度分别为63.633、42.438、32.547 MPa,木塑的抗拉强度和抗压强度均与环境温度呈负相关关系。木塑在经过250 h的人工气候老化后的抗弯强度为37.040 MPa,比未进行老化处理下降了22.083%。将木塑与钢材结合制作成不同形式的复合骨架,与普通木塑骨架对比,在室温下测试发现复合骨架比普通木塑骨架抗弯性能显著提高,其延展性提高约3倍,其中钢材添加在下缘的复合骨架的抗弯性能显著较钢材在上缘的复合骨架优越;带卡簧卡槽复合骨架的最大抗弯屈服力为19.112 kN,较钢材在下缘的复合骨架提高88.74%,达到了温室骨架的承载力要求。通过供试带卡簧卡槽复合骨架温室的荷载试验得出,跨度8.0 m、顶高3.3 m的拱形屋面温室,其骨架间距为1.2 m时,供试温室承受荷载为0.436 kN·m^-2;当骨架间距为1.0 m时,其承受荷载为0.527 kN·m^-2。与传统钢骨架温室对比,复合骨架温室的建筑成本减少了10.4元·m^-2。该复合骨架可以同时发挥木塑的环保、价廉、可塑性优势和钢材的优良力学性能,为温室建筑的轻简化、装配化提供了有益参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 木塑 钢材 复合骨架 抗弯性能 温室 荷载 |
Design and Performance Test of the Wood-plastic Composite Coupled With Steel Skeleton in Greenhouse |
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| NI Xinyu,BAO Encai,ZOU Zhirong,ZHANG Yong.Design and Performance Test of the Wood-plastic Composite Coupled With Steel Skeleton in Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2020(6):55-62. |
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| Authors: | NI Xinyu BAO Encai ZOU Zhirong ZHANG Yong |
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| Institution: | (College of Horticulture,Northwest A&-F University,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100) |
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| Abstract: | Wood plastic composite is a new type of material with rapid development in recent years,which has the characteristics of easy processing,high density and strong hardness.In order to explore the application of wood plastic in greenhouse building,a composite skeleton of wood plastic and steel suitable for greenhouse was designed,and its mechanical properties were tested.In this experiment,wood plastic and steel were used as test materials.The tensile strength and compressive strength of wood plastic and steel were studied by means of tensile,compression,artificial climate aging and the application of composite framework in greenhouse,in order to develop a new material which was comparable to steel framework in performance and price.It was concluded that the tensile strength were 28.391,24.954,15.000 MPa and the compressive strength was 63.633,42.438,32.547 MPa respectively at low temperature,room temperature and high temperature.The bending strength of WPC after 250 hours artificial climate aging was 37.040 MPa,which was 22.083%lower than that without aging treatment.The composite skeleton was made of wood plastic and steel.Compared with the common wood plastic skeleton,the test at room temperature showed that the bending resistance of the composite skeleton was significantly higher than that of the common wood plastic skeleton,and its ductility was about three times higher.The bending resistance of the composite skeleton with steel added to the lower edge was significantly better than that of the composite skeleton with steel added to the upper edge;the maximum resistance of the composite skeleton with circlip groove.The bending yield strength was 19.112 kN,which was 88.74%higher than that of the composite skeleton with steel at the lower edge,which met the requirement of the bearing capacity of the greenhouse skeleton.According to the load test of the greenhouse with a composite framework with a clamp groove,the results showed that when the framework spacing was 1.2 m,the load of the greenhouse was 0.436 kN·(m2)-1,and when the framework spacing was 1.0 m,the load was 0.527 kN·m^-2.Compared with the traditional steel skeleton greenhouse,the construction cost of the composite skeleton greenhouse was reduced by 10.4 RMB·m^-2.The results showed that the composite skeleton could give full play to the advantages of wood plastic,such as environmental protection,low price,plasticity and excellent mechanical properties of steel,which provided a useful reference for the light simplification and assembly of greenhouse buildings. |
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| Keywords: | WPC steel WPC-S bending performance greenhouse load |
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