| 渭北地区富士苹果不同砧穗组合幼树内源激素含量与早花性和易成形性关系的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张宝娟,张东,马娟娟,宋春晖,李文强,赵彩平,杨杰,韩明玉.渭北地区富士苹果不同砧穗组合幼树内源激素含量与早花性和易成形性关系的研究[J].园艺学报,2017,44(10):1837-1844. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张宝娟 张东 马娟娟 宋春晖 李文强 赵彩平 杨杰 韩明玉 |
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| 作者单位： | （1西北农林科技大学园艺学院，陕西杨凌 712100；2西安果友协会，陕西乾县 713307） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-28)，陕西省科技统筹项目(2015NY114;2016KTZDNY01-10)，国家苹果改良中心杨凌分中心项目，陕西省果业发展协同中心项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 以3~4年生5个不同砧穗组合富士苹果幼树为材料,研究植物内源激素含量与早花性和易成形性间的关系。结果表明:乔化砧组合树体高大、生长旺盛,短枝比例和花序数量均显著低于矮化砧组合。矮化砧木组合中,M26组合虽然短枝比例很高,但单株成花量低,树体长势弱;SH16组合次之;T337组合长势中庸、单株成花量大。一年中,春、秋梢开始生长期,幼叶IAA、ZR含量出现高峰,根系第2次生长高峰期,细根IAA、ZR、GA_3含量出现高峰。幼叶ZR和细根IAA含量呈负相关,IAA、GA_3分别在地上部和地下部之间存在正相关。5月5日,幼叶IAA和ZR含量分别与当年生枝量呈正相关;5月20日,ZR、ZR/GA_3分别与短枝比例呈正相关,GA_3与花序数量呈负相关;根系第2次生长高峰期,苹果幼树开花相关指标分别与细根中的IAA、ZR、GA_3、IAA/ZR呈正相关,说明内源激素在地上部成花与地下部根系生长过程中具有重要调节作用。渭北地区,T337自根砧木富士苹果组合体现了早花性和树体易成形性的统一。
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| 关 键 词： | 苹果 幼树 砧穗组合 激素 早花早果性 树体生长 |
Studies on Relationships Among Endogenous Hormones,Precocious Flower and Easy Formability in Different Scion-Rootstock Combinations for Young Apple Trees in Weibei Area |
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| ZHANG Baojuan,ZHANG Dong,MA Juanjuan,SONG Chunhui,LI Wenqiang,ZHAO Caiping,YANG Jie,HAN Mingyu.Studies on Relationships Among Endogenous Hormones,Precocious Flower and Easy Formability in Different Scion-Rootstock Combinations for Young Apple Trees in Weibei Area[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2017,44(10):1837-1844. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Baojuan ZHANG Dong MA Juanjuan SONG Chunhui LI Wenqiang ZHAO Caiping YANG Jie HAN Mingyu |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510180, China;
2. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510180, China;
3. Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510180, China |
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| Abstract: | It is very important for the high efficiency mode of apple production to properly select and combine scion and rootstocks.The easy formability and precocious flower of the young trees are the important indexes to screen the excellent combination of the rootstock,which is closely related to the endogenous hormone content.Three-or four-year young trees from five different scion-rootstock combinations of Fuji apples were used as materials to research the relationship among endogenous hormones,precocious flower and easy formability.The results showed that:vigour rootstock apple tree was tall and vigorous,and the proportion of spurs and the number of inflorescence were significantly smaller than those of the dwarf rootstocks.In addition,the proportion of spurs was high,but the amount of flower was little for M26 combination.The tree of M26 was weak,SH16 combination followed,and T337 finally.It showed that the combination of T337 possessed good growth power and more flower.The content of IAA and ZR in young leaves reached the peak when the spring,autumn shoots began to grow.Furthermore,the content of IAA,ZR,and GA3 in the fine root reached the peak when the root was in the second high growth period.There was a negative correlation between IAA in the fine root and ZR in young leaves,and there was a positive correlation between the above-ground and the underground of IAA and GA3.In the critical period of bud physiological differentiation,IAA and ZR in young leaves were positively correlated with the amount of shoots,ZR and ZR/GA3 were positively correlated with the proportion of spurs,and GA3 was negatively correlated with the number of inflorescence.At the second growth peak of root system,the related indexes of flowering were positively correlated with IAA,ZR,GA3 and IAA/ZR in the fine root.It is suggested that endogenous hormones play an important role in flowering and root growth.Therefore,T337 as a rootstock,reflects the integrity of easy formability and early flower. |
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| Keywords: | apple young tree scion-rootstock combination endogenous hormone precocious flowering easy formability |
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