| 不同品种枇杷果实微量元素分析及综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 于馨淼,陈发兴,卢海芬,邱秀玉,郑国华,杨俊.不同品种枇杷果实微量元素分析及综合评价[J].热带作物学报,2019,40(11):2227-2235. |
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| 作者姓名： | 于馨淼 陈发兴 卢海芬 邱秀玉 郑国华 杨俊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 福建农林大学园艺学院/亚热带果树研究所,福建福州 3500022. 福建省浦城县农业局,福建浦城 3534003. 福建省产品质量检验研究院,福建福州 350002 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省发改委农业五新项目(B0310008);中央引导地方科技发展专项(2017L3001);福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目(2015N5002) |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定23种枇杷果实中9种微量元素含量,并对果实的外观品质指标进行测定,运用主成分分析、聚类分析方法及结合SPSS 19.0统计软件对测定结果进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）不同品种枇杷果实中微量元素含量顺序均为：Mn>Zn>Fe>Cu>Ni>Co>Mo>Se>V。其中Mn、Fe和Zn 3种微量元素是枇杷果实中主要微量元素,主成分分析筛选出4个主因子,枇杷果肉中Mn、Co、Cu和Se是枇杷的特征微量元素,综合得分较高的前3个品种依次是‘新霄’、‘卓南1号’和‘少核大红袍’。（2）根据微量元素含量将枇杷分为3个类型,即高Zn、Fe含量类型,包括‘木鱼种’、‘小毛枇杷’等共计19个品种;高Cu含量类型,包括‘少核大红袍’和‘湖北二六’;高Mn、Co含量类型,包括‘卓南1号’和‘新霄’。（3）对果实中微量元素之间相关性分析发现,元素Mn和Co、Cu之间表现为极显著性相关,相关系数分别为0.852和0.538;此外元素V和Fe、Zn,元素Co和Cu之间表现出显著相关,元素Ni和Se表现为显著相关。同时对微量元素与果实品质之间做相关性分析表明,Fe与果肉中的可溶性固形物呈极显著相关;元素Cu与果实横径表现为极显著相关。综合分析表明,枇杷中富含Fe、Zn、Mn等有益微量元素,且含有特征微量元素Se。‘新霄’是23个品种中营养价值最高的品种。
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| 关 键 词： | 枇杷 微量元素 外观品质 ICP-MS 主成分分析 聚类分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-11-09 |
Analysis and Evaluation of Trace Elements in Different Varieties of Loquat Fruits |
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| YU Xinmiao,CHEN Faxing,LU Haifen,QIU Xiuyu,ZHENG Guohua,YANG Jun.Analysis and Evaluation of Trace Elements in Different Varieties of Loquat Fruits[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2019,40(11):2227-2235. |
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| Authors: | YU Xinmiao CHEN Faxing LU Haifen QIU Xiuyu ZHENG Guohua YANG Jun |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Subtropical Fruits / College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China2. Agricultural Bureau, Pucheng, Fujian 353400, China3. Fujian Academy of Product Quality Inspection, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China |
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| Abstract: | Nine trace elements in 23 kinds of loquat fruits were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the appearance quality index of the fruit was determined. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis and SPSS 19.0 statistical software were used to comprehensively evaluate the results, and the correlation between fruit quality and trace elements content of different varieties was analyzed too. The order of trace elements content in different varieties of loquat fruits was: Mn>Zn>Fe>Cu>Ni>Co>Mo>Se>V. Mn, Fe and Zn were the mainly trace elements in loquat fruit. Mn, Co, Cu and Se were selected by principal component analysis as the characteristic inorganic trace elements of loquat. The top three varieties were ‘Xinxiao’, ‘Zhuonan No.1’ and ‘Less seeds Dahongpao’ in total ranking. According to the trace element content, the loquat varieties were divided into 3 types. There were 19 varieties in the first type, including ‘Muyuzhong’ and ‘Xiaomaopipa’, which was of high Zn and Fe content. ‘Less seeds Dahongpao’ and ‘Hubei 26’ were in the second type, which was of high Cu content. ‘Zhuonan No.1’ and ‘Xinxiao’ were grouped in the third type, which was of high Mn and Co content. Correlation analysis among trace elements showed that there was an extremely significantly positive correlation between element Mn with Co (|r|=0.852) and Cu (|r|=0.538), and a significant correlation between elements V with Fe and Zn, Co with Cu was seen. As for Ni and Se, they showed a significant correlation. The element Cu showed a highly significant correlation in the transverse diameter of the fruits. At the same time, a correlation analysis between trace elements and fruit quality showed that there was a highly significant correlation between Fe and SSC in the flesh. Based on the results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, it was concluded that ‘Xinxiao’ had the highest content of trace elements in all 23 loquat varieties. Comprehensive analysis showed the pulp was rich in beneficial trace elements such as Fe, Zn and Mn and other elements. ‘Xinxiao’ was the most nutritious one among the 23 varieties. |
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| Keywords: | loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl ) trace elements appearance quality ICP-MS principal component analysis cluster analysis |
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