| 遥控自走式雪茄植株中下层烟叶植保喷雾机设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 张青松,陈志凌,杜文斌,杨锦鹏,廖庆喜,杨春雷.遥控自走式雪茄植株中下层烟叶植保喷雾机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2024,55(1):122-133. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张青松 陈志凌 杜文斌 杨锦鹏 廖庆喜 杨春雷 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国烟草总公司重大专项（110202101059（XJ-08））和湖北省烟草公司科技项目(027Y2021-006) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对雪茄烟叶在旺长期及成熟期因植株高大及叶片生长致使烟田垄间空间小，且雪茄烟叶生产对烟叶色泽及完整度要求高，田间管理要求不能损伤烟叶，导致生产中雪茄烟叶植株中下层烟叶植保困难的问题，结合烟叶植株生长特征，设计了一种遥控自走式雪茄植株中下层烟叶植保喷雾机，该装置主要包括喷雾系统、履带底盘及控制系统，可实现装置在烟田垄间遥控行走、中下层烟叶喷雾及路况可视等功能。为获取烟株生长特征，运用三维激光扫描仪对其进行扫描并建立了植株叶片田间空间分布模型；根据烟叶田间分布特征，确定装置总体结构和工作方式；结合烟叶形态特征和植保农艺要求，对喷雾系统进行了结构设计及分析，确定了参数范围；根据田间作业需求，对履带底盘进行了动力学分析，对控制系统进行了设计。开展了场地试验，利用Box-Behnken优化了喷雾系统参数，当喷雾压力为0.65MPa、喷嘴夹角为20.4°、喷嘴孔径为0.4mm时，经垂直雾滴分布测量仪模拟雪茄烟叶叶片层垂直方向的药液附着性能试验表明，雾滴沉积量垂直分布满足雪茄烟叶植保要求。田间试验结果表明，雪茄植株中下层烟叶正面药液覆盖率为52%~83%，背面药液覆盖率为22%~45%，可实现雪茄植株中下层烟叶药液的有效喷施。
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| 关 键 词： | 雪茄烟叶 喷雾机 履带底盘 遥控自走式 喷雾系统 田间试验 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/6/2 0:00:00 |
Design and Experiment of Novel Sprayer for Protecting Middle and Lower Leaves of Cigar Tobacco Plants |
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| ZHANG Qingsong,CHEN Zhiling,DU Wenbin,YANG Jinpeng,LIAO Qingxi,YANG Chunlei.Design and Experiment of Novel Sprayer for Protecting Middle and Lower Leaves of Cigar Tobacco Plants[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(1):122-133. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qingsong CHEN Zhiling DU Wenbin YANG Jinpeng LIAO Qingxi YANG Chunlei |
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| Institution: | Huazhong Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | Aiming at the problem that the space between ridges in cigar tobacco fields is small due to the tall plants and the growth of leaves, and the production of cigar tobacco leaves requires high color and integrity of tobacco leaves, and the field management requirements cannot damage tobacco leaves, which leads to the difficulty in plant protection of middle and lower tobacco leaves in cigar tobacco plants during production. Combined with the growth characteristics of tobacco leaves, a plant protection device for middle and lower layers of tobacco leaves in cigar plants was designed. The device mainly consisted of a spray system, a crawler chassis and a control system and other functions. In order to obtain the growth characteristics of tobacco plants, a three-dimensional laser scanner was used to scan them and establish a spatial distribution model of plant leaves in the field. According to the distribution characteristics of tobacco leaves in the field, the overall structure and working mode of the device were determined; combined with the tobacco leaf shape characteristics and plant protection and agronomic requirements, the structure design and analysis of the spraying system were carried out, and the parameter range was determined. According to the requirements of field operations, the dynamic analysis of the crawler chassis and the design of the control system were carried out. The field experiments was carried out, and the parameters of the spray system were optimized by using Box-Behnken. When the spray pressure was 0.65MPa, the nozzle angle was 20.4°, and the nozzle aperture was 0.4mm, the vertical direction of the cigar leaf layer was simulated by the vertical droplet distribution measuring instrument. The liquid adhesion performance test showed that the vertical distribution of droplet deposition met the requirements of cigar tobacco leaf plant protection. The field experiments results showed that the coverage rate of the liquid medicine on the front side of the middle and lower layers of the cigar plant was 52%~83%, and the coverage rate of the backside was 22%~45%, which can realize the effective spraying of the liquid medicine on the middle and lower layers of the tobacco leaves of the cigar plant. |
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| Keywords: | tobacco leaves sprayer crawler chassis remote control self-propelled spray system field experiments |
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