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| 黑龙江茴鱼胚胎的发育及仔、稚、幼鱼的生长 | |
| 引用本文： | 韩英,张澜澜,赵吉伟,李海龙.黑龙江茴鱼胚胎的发育及仔、稚、幼鱼的生长[J].淡水渔业,2009,39(4). |
| 作者姓名： | 韩英 张澜澜 赵吉伟 李海龙 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨,150030 2. 黑龙江省渔业经济研究所,哈尔滨,150018 3. 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨,150070 |
| 基金项目： | 黑龙江省科技攻关项目 |
| 摘 要： | 采用Bouin氏液固定、剥离卵膜的方法对黑龙江茴鱼(Thymallus arcticus grubei Dybowski)的胚胎发育及孵出后仔鱼卵黄囊的吸收情况进行了观察,同时测定65日龄内的仔、稚、幼鱼生长状况。结果显示:黑龙江茴鱼卵是典型的端黄卵,其卵裂方式为盘状卵裂。胚胎发育可分为22个期,包括受精卵、2细胞期、4细胞期、8细胞期、16细胞期、32细胞期、64细胞期、多细胞期、囊胚早期、囊胚中期、囊胚晚期、原肠早期、原肠中期、原肠晚期、神经胚期、胚孔封闭期、眼囊出现期、胸鳍芽出现期、晶体出现期、眼色素沉积期、循环期和出膜期,至发眼(晶体出现期)需75.84℃.d,至破膜需117℃.d;受精卵膜较鲑科鱼类薄而柔软,胚体头尾绕卵黄囊超过一周,晶体出现在眼色素沉积期之前;仔鱼卵黄囊的体积随着日龄的增加而逐渐减小,4日龄前吸收较快,此后吸收相对较慢;仔鱼在240℃.d(11日龄)左右时出现鳔并开始上浮,260℃.d(16日龄)左右时开口;积温达到346.9℃.d(20日龄)时卵黄囊完全被吸收,仔鱼期结束,进入稚鱼期;稚鱼在36日龄之前生长相对较缓慢,在36日龄后增长较快;在积温达到546.3℃.d(38日龄)时,稚鱼奇鳍褶开始退化,进入幼鱼期。 |
| 关 键 词： | 黑龙江茴鱼(Thymallus arcticus grubei Dybowski) 胚胎发育 仔鱼生长 |
Embryonic development and larvae,fry and juvenile growth of Amur grayling |
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| HAN Ying,ZHANG Lan-lan,ZHAO Ji-wei,LI Hai-long.Embryonic development and larvae,fry and juvenile growth of Amur grayling[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2009,39(4). | |
| Authors: | HAN Ying ZHANG Lan-lan ZHAO Ji-wei LI Hai-long |
| Institution: | HAN Ying1,ZHANG Lan-lan2,ZHAO Ji-wei3,LI Hai-long1(1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agriculture University,Harbin 150030,2.Heilongjiang Fisheries Economy Research Institute,Harbin 150018,3.Heilongjiang Fishery Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Harbin 150070) |
| Abstract: | Embryonic development and yolk sac absorption of Amur grayling were observed by the way of fixing with Bouin′s fixture and peeling egg envelope,and the length and body weight of larva,fry and juvenile fish within 65 days were measured.The results showed that Amur grayling has typical anisolecithal eggs and the modus of cleavage is discoidal.Embryonic development can be divided into 22 stages,which were zygote stage,2-cell stage,4-cell stage,8-cell stage,16-cell stage,32-cell stage,64-cell stage,multi-cell stage,early stage of blastula,middle stage of blastula,late stage of blastula,early gastrula stage,middle gastrula stage,late gastrula stage,neurula stage,closure of blastopore,appearance of optic vesicle,pectoral fin primordium stage,the stage of lens formation,eye pigmentation stage,blood circulation stage and hatching out stage.It needed the cumulative temperature of 75.84 ℃·d for fertilized egg to reach the stage of appearing eyes(the stage of lens formation) and 117 ℃·d to reach the stage of rupturing membrane;The membrane of fertilized eggs was thinner and softer compared with salmonoid,the head and the tail of embryo proper surrounded the yolk sac for more than one cycle and lens appeared before the stage of eye pigmentation.The volume of yolk sac diminished gradually with the increase of day age.The speed of absorbing yolk sac was faster before 4-day-age and slower afterward.Swim bladder appeared at the cumulative temperature of 240 ℃·d(11 day-age).The larvae started to flow upward and began to eat at the cumulative temperature of 260 ℃·d(16 day-age).Yolk sac was absorbed completely at the cumulative temperature of 346.9 ℃·d(20 day-age).The age of Larva ended and the age of fry began.The fry grew comparatively slower before 36-days-age and faster afterward.The median fin fold began to degenerate and the age of juvenile began at cumulative temperature of 546.3 ℃·d(38 day-age). |
| Keywords: | Amur grayling(Thymallus arcticus grubei Dybowski) embryonic development growth of larva |
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