| 牡蛎疱疹病毒对魁蚶的致病性 |
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| 引用本文： | 汪清晨,白昌明,张天文,王崇明,邱兆星,黄倢.牡蛎疱疹病毒对魁蚶的致病性[J].水产学报,2016,40(3):468-474. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汪清晨 白昌明 张天文 王崇明 邱兆星 黄倢 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116000;中国水产科学院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071;2. 中国水产科学院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071;3. 山东省海洋生物研究院底栖生物研究中心,山东青岛,266104 |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-48），山东省泰山学者建设工程专项经费;农业部科研杰出人才及其创新团队专项经费，国家海洋局海洋公益专项（201205023），青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目《蓝色生物资源开发利用》（2015ASKJ02） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探明牡蛎疱疹病毒(Os HV-1)对魁蚶的致病性,本研究使用发病魁蚶组织制作病毒悬液进行感染实验。感染实验分为空白组、阴性悬液注射组和病毒悬液注射组,并使用实时定量PCR法对感染后魁蚶体内病毒的时空分布进行检测。实验结果显示,空白组和阴性悬液组魁蚶感染后未检测到病毒粒子,病毒悬液注射组魁蚶经人工感染后,各部位病毒含量均呈先上升再下降随后又上升的趋势,最终达到106拷贝/ng DNA左右。通过电镜观察,在感染魁蚶的鳃、肝胰腺、外套膜中出现染色质边缘化甚至消失,细胞核肿胀、溶解,核仁消失,核膜扩张、不清晰,线粒体肿大,脊崩解,核糖体脱落等一系列细胞病理变化。在其细胞核和细胞质中均能发现大量直径为90~110 nm球形病毒粒子,该病毒粒子具囊膜,囊膜内可见均匀高电子密度的核衣壳,与自然发病魁蚶负染电镜中的病毒粒子形态相同。研究结果表明,Os HV-1可以感染魁蚶并与魁蚶大规模死亡有直接相关关系;魁蚶感染Os HV-1后机体产生应激反应,对Os HV-1有一定抑制作用,但其作用机制还有待进一步实验验证。
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| 关 键 词： | 牡蛎疱疹病毒 魁蚶 致病性 实时定量PCR 电镜 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/12/3 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/1/16 0:00:00 |
Pathogenicity of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 to Scapharca broughtonii |
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| WANG Qingchen,BAI Changming,ZHANG Tianwen,WANG Chongming,QIU Zhaoxing and HUANG Jie.Pathogenicity of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 to Scapharca broughtonii[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2016,40(3):468-474. |
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| Authors: | WANG Qingchen BAI Changming ZHANG Tianwen WANG Chongming QIU Zhaoxing and HUANG Jie |
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| Institution: | Aquatic and Life College,Dalian Ocean University,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province Benthic Biology Research Centre,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province Benthic Biology Research Centre,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | To better understand the pathogenesis of the virus to blood clam, experimental infection were conducted by injecting filtered tissue homogenate into the gastropod of each calm. Experimental clams were randomly allocated into 3 groups: blank control group, negative contral group, OsHV-1 infected group. After infection, the temporal distribution patterns of OsHV-1 infection loads in six different tissues were assayed with quantitative PCR (qPCR). No virus was detected in in animals injected with sea water and the negative control tissue homogenate. While virus DNA were detected in animals injected with tissue homogenate prepared from naturally infected clams, and the virus DNA loads were fluctuated firstly, and then reached about 106 viral DNA copies of per ng of total DNA. Pathologicla changes including lysed connective tissue, dilation of the digestive tubules, eosinophilic inclusion bodies, nuclear chromatin margination and pyknosis were found in affected animals. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed herpes-like viral particles within the connective tissue of the mantle. Pathological changes including chromatin condensation and elimination, nucleus swollen, karyolysis, nucleolus disappeared, karyotheca dilated, mitochondria swollen, ridge broken ea al. were observed in the gill, digestive gland and mantle of infected clams. TEM analysis also demonstrated the presence of herpes virus particles in artificial infected clams, which resembled those found in naturally infected clams. These viral particles were about 90-110 nm in diameter with an electron-dense nucleoid packaged in capsid. Overall, this work demonstrated the pathogenesis of OsHV-1 to blood clams and closely associated with the mass mortality of them. Additionally, our work also indicated the stress reaction after injecting OsHV-1 might play a role in the suppression of OsHV-1 replication, but the mechanisms need to be further studied. |
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| Keywords: | OsHV-1 Scapharca broughtonii pathogenicity qPCR electron microscope |
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