| 黄条(鱼狮)染色体多种显带的形态特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘永山,柳学周,史宝,徐永江,李荣,吕永军,宋雪松,王滨,姜燕.黄条(鱼狮)染色体多种显带的形态特征分析[J].水产学报,2018,42(9):1338-1347. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘永山 柳学周 史宝 徐永江 李荣 吕永军 宋雪松 王滨 姜燕 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室;大连富谷水产有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2017GH05，2018GH17，2016PT07）；青岛市民生科技计划（17-3-3-61-nsh）；农业农村部农业国际合作交流项目；山东省重点研发计划（2018GHY115044）；现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS-47） |
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| 摘 要： | 为详细了解黄条染色体带型的形态特征,实验采用体内注射植物血细胞凝集素(PHA)和秋水仙素的方法,取黄条全部头肾细胞经低渗处理、卡诺氏液固定、空气干燥法制备染色体分裂相。通过不同的研究方法,分别研究和探讨其中期染色体多种带型(C带核型、G带核型和Ag-NORs)的显带特征和形态特征。黄条的带型研究结果显示:(1)C带特征为48条染色体均有大小不一的C带,其中第2、4、5、16、18和19对染色体具有端部C带,其余均为着丝粒C带,无居间带和整体呈C带阳性深染染色体;计算异染色质含量约31.53%;(2)Ag-NORs带特征为第5对染色体末端具有Ag-NORs,为端部AgNORs;银染显现间期核中核仁的数目为1~2个,显现出2个核仁的细胞数目较多,达到60%;(3)G带特征为同源染色体G带带纹大小和位置基本吻合,非同源染色体G带带纹大小和带纹的位置不尽相同。每条染色体都有数量不等的深染带和浅染带,无整条染色体显示深染G带或浅染G带,24对染色体中在条带的数量、大小、位置、染色深浅等方面未发现完全相同的染色体G带。该研究结果可为黄条种质判定、染色体组学研究和遗传育种等提供基础资料。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄条(鱼狮) 染色体 C带核型 G带核型 Ag-NORs |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/10/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/3/25 0:00:00 |
Analysis of the banding patterns of Seriola aureovittata |
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| LIU Yongshan,LIU Xuezhou,SHI Bao,XU Yongjiang,LI Rong,LU Yongjun,SONG Xuesong,WANG Bin and JIANG Yan.Analysis of the banding patterns of Seriola aureovittata[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2018,42(9):1338-1347. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yongshan LIU Xuezhou SHI Bao XU Yongjiang LI Rong LU Yongjun SONG Xuesong WANG Bin and JIANG Yan |
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| Institution: | Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China,Dalian Fugu Fishery Co., Ltd., Dalian 116400, China,Dalian Fugu Fishery Co., Ltd., Dalian 116400, China,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China and Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China |
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| Abstract: | Chromosome banding pattern study is a useful tool in exploring evolutionary mechanisms of fish because it provides basic information on the banding number, size and morphology of chromosomes. Up to now, there has been no report on chromosome banding patterns in fishes. In order to understand the morphological characteristics of chromosome banding pattern and germplasm resources of Seriola aureovittata, we injected phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and colchicine, collected all the head kidney cells of one-year-old fish artificially bred from wild broodstock along the Dalian coast of China. The chromosomal division phase was prepared by low osmotic treatment, Kano''s liquid fixation, air drying and Giemsa staining. We used different methods to deal with these three patterns. We investigated the banding features and morphological characteristics of multiple chromosomes banding pattern (C-banding, G-banding and Ag-NORs). Results show that (1) All of the 48 chromosomes have C-banding. The C-banding of S. aureovittata were located mainly in the centromere regions of chromosomes. The 2nd, 4th, 5th, 16th, 18th and 19th pairs of chromosomes show positive C-banding in the terminal region. However, chromosomes do not show entire positive and middle C-banding. According to the length of the C- band, the amount of heterochromatin calculated is 31.53%. (2)The Ag-NORs polymorphisms were specific in this fish. The silver staining pots were 1-2 in interphase nucleus. The number of Ag-NORs was mostly 2. A pair of nucleolar organizer regions was found on the 5th pair of chromosomes in the terminal region. (3) The size and location of G-banding are same in homologous chromosomes, but they are not same in the non-homologous chromosomes. Every chromosome has different amounts of darkly stained and faintly stained bands. There is no entire chromosome showing darkly stained or faintly stained G-banding. The 24 pairs of chromosomes have different G-banding features in the quantity, size, location and depth of staining; Statistics showed that there were 118 G bands in the chromosome of S. aureovittata, including 70 positive bands and 48 negative bands. The study of banding pattern of chromosomes can be used to understand the law of genetic variation, genetic composition, development mechanism and genetic mechanism of sex. It also has important reference value for determining the number of the genome, the origin of the species, the relationship of each other, the status of evolution, and the classification of the organisms. |
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| Keywords: | Seriola aureovittata chromosome C-banding G-banding Ag-NORs |
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