| 中国深远海网箱的发展现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 石建高,余雯雯,卢本才.中国深远海网箱的发展现状与展望[J].水产学报,2021,45(6):992-1005. |
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| 作者姓名： | 石建高 余雯雯 卢本才 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所，上海 200090;武昌船舶重工集团有限公司，湖北 武汉 430060;惠州益晨网业科技有限公司，广东 惠州 516000 |
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| 基金项目： | 工信部高技术船舶科研项目(工信部装函[2019]360号)；国家自然科学基金(31972844)；国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900803)；中国船舶重工集团有限公司科技创新与研发项目(201817K)；2020年省级促进(海洋)经济高质量发展专项资金(粤自然资合[2020]016号) |
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| 摘 要： | 深远海网箱养殖是一种新型水产养殖模式,具有技术先进、环境友好和成鱼品质高等优点,因此,它对推进水产养殖绿色发展战略意义重大。本文在介绍中国普通网箱和深水网箱、国外深远海网箱发展简况的基础上,重点概述2017年前后中国深远海网箱发展现状及其研究进展,并对今后的发展方向加以展望。2017年前,我国深远海网箱处于起步阶段,开发了特力夫~(TM)超大型深海养殖网箱等近10种深远海网箱。2017年后,我国深远海网箱进入快速发展期,开发应用了"深蓝1号"全潜式深海渔场等一系列深远海网箱,引领了深远海网箱的现代化建设。迄今为止,我国主要开展了深远海网箱的定义、专利、结构、绳网材料及其配套智能装备等研究,部分成果已得到应用。为适应水产养殖绿色发展要求,今后我国深远海网箱将朝着离岸化、大型化和智能化等方向发展。虽然我国深远海网箱养殖业取得了长足进展,但与挪威等国外先进技术相比,我们还存在巨大的差距。我国深远海网箱养殖业前景广阔,但相关工作任重道远。
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| 关 键 词： | 深远海网箱 深水网箱 普通网箱 绿色养殖 网箱养殖 发展现状 展望 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/6/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/8/24 0:00:00 |
Development status and Prospect of Chinese Deep-sea cage |
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| SHI Jiangao,YU Wenwen and LU Bencai.Development status and Prospect of Chinese Deep-sea cage[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2021,45(6):992-1005. |
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| Authors: | SHI Jiangao YU Wenwen and LU Bencai |
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| Institution: | East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430060, China; Huizhou Yichen Network Technology Co., Ltd., Huizhou 516000, China |
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| Abstract: | Deep-sea cage is a new type of aquaculture model, which has the advantages of advanced technology, environmental friendliness and high quality of marketable fish. Therefore, it has a great significance to the promotion of green development strategy of aquaculture. Based on a brief introduction to the development of common cages, offshore cages, as well as deep-sea cages, this article provides a detailed overview of the present situation and research progress of deep-sea cages before and after 2017 in China, and prospects for future development directions. Before 2017, deep-sea cages were in its infancy. Nearly 10 types of deep-sea cages with simple structures, such as assembly type metal cages facilities in deep-sea lagoon, were developed and mainly distributed in Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi, which provided technical reserves for the subsequent development of the deep-sea cage. Since 2017, deep-sea cages have entered a stage of rapid development. More than 10 types of deep-sea cages with complex structures have been developed, including the Deep Blue No. 1 full-submersible deep-sea farm. They ushered in the modernization of Chinese deep-sea cages. So far, the research on the definition of deep-sea cages, cage materials, and its supporting patents have been reviewed. As a new type of aquaculture model, deep-sea cages have obvious comprehensive advantages and will be a useful supplement to Chinese aquaculture industry in the future. According to the requirements of the green development strategy of the aquaculture industry, the deep-sea cages will be developed in the direction of offshore, large-scale, intelligent, and intensified in the future to expand the aquaculture area, to improve production efficiency, increase technological content, reduce culture costs, and upgrade the industry level. Although Chinese deep-sea cage aquaculture industry has made great progress, there is still a huge gap compared with foreign advanced technology. The related work has a long way to go, which is worth our efforts to study deeply. |
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| Keywords: | deep-sea cage offshore cage common cage green farming cage-culture present situation prospect |
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