| 水温和藻类对马粪海胆摄食、呼吸及排氨率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 时嘉赓,冯艳微,姜绪,刘相全.水温和藻类对马粪海胆摄食、呼吸及排氨率的影响[J].水产科学,2020,39(1):72-78. |
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| 作者姓名： | 时嘉赓 冯艳微 姜绪 刘相全 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006;上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306;上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省农业良种工程项目(2017LZGC009);烟台市科技计划项目(2016ZH067) |
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| 摘 要： | 在水温10.1℃,将初始体质量为(0.55±0.16)g的马粪海胆幼胆,随机放入0.3 m×0.4 m×0.5 m的白色塑料桶中,每桶100个,过量投喂新鲜孔石莼、粘膜藻、肠浒苔、裙带菜和珠状硬毛藻,计算各种藻类的摄食量(以干质量计),研究马粪海胆对藻类的摄食选择性。再将初始体质量为(0.67±0.32)g的马粪海胆置于水温为10.1、15.6、20.3℃的容器中,投喂相同的5种藻类2 d后,挑选10个规格相似个体放入1 L锥形瓶中,适应0.5 h后密封测定耗氧率和排氨率,研究不同温度和藻类饵料下马粪海胆的耗氧率和排氨率。试验结果表明,马粪海胆的摄食选择率依次为裙带菜>粘膜藻>孔石莼>肠浒苔>珠状硬毛藻,马粪海胆明显偏好裙带菜;马粪海胆摄食量受温度及藻类种类影响显著(P<0.05),在15.6℃时,日相对摄食率最大,摄食裙带菜的组别显著大于其他组别(P<0.05),摄食珠状硬毛藻的组日相对摄食率最低;各组别马粪海胆耗氧率均随着水温的升高而增大,相同温度条件下,孔石莼组耗氧率最大;各组排氨率随着水温的升高呈现先增大后减小,15.6℃时最大。研究结果将为开展马粪海胆生态增养殖、构建刺参池塘绿色综合养殖模式提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 马粪海胆 大型藻类 水温 摄食选择 呼吸代谢 |
Effects of Water Temperature and Macroalga Species on Feeding,Respiration and Ammonia Excretion of Sea Urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus |
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| SHI Jiageng,FENG Yanwei,JIANG Xu,LIU Xiangquan.Effects of Water Temperature and Macroalga Species on Feeding,Respiration and Ammonia Excretion of Sea Urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus[J].Fisheries Science,2020,39(1):72-78. |
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| Authors: | SHI Jiageng FENG Yanwei JIANG Xu LIU Xiangquan |
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| Institution: | (Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology,Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Yantai 264006,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China) |
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| Abstract: | In this study,sea urchin(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)with initial body weight of(0.55±0.16)g were reared in a 0.3 m×0.4 m×0.5 m white plastic tank at stocking density of 100 individuals per tank and overfed five common species of macoralgae Undaria pinnatifida,Leathesia difformis,Ulva pertusa,Enteromorpha intestinalis,and Chaetomorpha moniligera to study the feeding selectivity of sea urchin for algae by calculation of dry macoralgae weight.Also,the sea urchin with initial body weight of(0.67±0.32)g were reared at water temperature of 10.1,15.6 and 20.3℃and fed the same macroalgae for 2 days,and then 10 individuals of similar size sea urchin were placed in a 1 L sealed conical flask to determine the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates.The results showed that the descending order feeding selectivity of sea urchin to five species of algae was expressed as U.pinnatifida,L.difformis,U.pertusa,E.intestinalis,and C.moniligera,prefering to U.pinnatifida.The daily relative food intake of the sea urchin was significantly affected by temperature and macoralga species,the maximal value at water temperature of 15.6℃,and significantly higher in U.pinnatifida group than that in other groups(P<0.05),with the minimal in C.moniligera group.Oxygen consumption rate was shown to be increased gradually in the sea urchin with the increase in water temperature in different groups,the maximal in U.pertusa group at the same temperature.The ammonia excretion rate,however,was first increased and then decreased with the warming water temperature,the maximal at 15.6℃.The findings will provide a foundation for the ecological breeding of sea urchin and for the construction of a green integrated aquaculture model in sea cucumber ponds. |
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| Keywords: | Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus macroalga water temperature feeding selectivity respiratory metabolism |
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