| 黄带拟鲹染色体核型特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 马青,姜晨,周丽青,孙涛,柳淑芳,庄志猛.黄带拟鲹染色体核型特征分析[J].中国水产科学,2021,28(5):561-568. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马青 姜晨 周丽青 孙涛 柳淑芳 庄志猛 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071 ；青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266071 ；上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;大连海洋大学水产与生命学院, 辽宁 大连 116023;大连天正实业有限公司, 辽宁 大连 116000 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省重大科技创新工程专项(2018SDKJ0302)； 国家自然科学基金项目(42076132)； 国家海洋水产种质资源库项目. |
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| 摘 要： | 鱼类染色体核型分析在种质资源保护、遗传图谱构建、鱼类分类和育种等方面发挥着重要作用。黄带拟鲹 (Pseudocaranx dentex, Bloch & Schneider, 1801)是具有较高经济价值和遗传育种价值的水产资源物种, 目前与该物种遗传背景相关的研究尚属空白。本研究采用热滴片法制备了黄带拟鲹鳃和鳍条组织的染色体标本, 经 Giemsa 染液染色, 观察其染色体核型特征。分析了 4 尾黄带拟鲹幼鱼的 106 个中期细胞染色体核型, 经统计二倍体染色体数目为 48 条的中期细胞分裂相占所观察细胞分裂相的 86.79%, 48 条染色体均为端部着丝粒染色体, 核型公式为 2n=48t, 染色体臂数 NF=48; 染色体相对长度最大为 5.921±0.276, 最小为 2.052±0.210; 未观察到异型性染色体, 也未观察到随体和次缢痕。与已报道的其他 14 属 33 种鲹科鱼类染色体核型特征比较, 认为黄带拟鲹为鯵科鱼类系统进化中的高位类群。本研究结果不仅丰富了鲹科鱼类染色体核型数据库, 也为系统开展黄带拟鲹细胞遗传学研究提供了基础资料。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄带拟鲹 染色体 核型 |
Karyotype characteristics of white trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) |
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| Ma Qing,Jiang Chen,Zhou Liqing,Sun Tao,Liu Shufang,Zhuang Zhimeng.Karyotype characteristics of white trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex)[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2021,28(5):561-568. |
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| Authors: | Ma Qing Jiang Chen Zhou Liqing Sun Tao Liu Shufang Zhuang Zhimeng |
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| Abstract: | The karyotype of fish plays an important role in the preservation of germplasm resources, identification of genetic relationships, exploration of evolutionary processes, construction of genetic maps, and fish classification and breeding. Pseudocaranx dentex is a new target for aquatic resource development, with high economic and breeding value. However, little is known about its genetic background. In this study, chromosome samples from gill and fin tissues of P. dentex were prepared by the hot air-drying method. Karyotype was subsequently analyzed by Giemsa staining. The karyotypes of 106 metaphase cells in four P. dentex juveniles were analyzed. The results showed that the mitotic phase with 48 diploid chromosomes accounted for 86.79% of the observed mitotic phases, all of which were telocentric chromosomes; the karyotype formula was 2n=48t; the number of chromosome arms was NF=48; the relative size of the chromosomes in this species varied from 5.921% (±0.276%) to 2.052% (±0.210%). No heteromorphic sex chromosomes were observed. Neither satellite nor secondary constrictions were observed either. This is the first study on the characteristics of karyotype of fish from the genus Pseudocaranx, compared with 34 species from 15 other genera of the family Carangidae. The karyotype of P. dentex is consistent with the karyotype characteristics of typical high-level groups, according to the evolution of teleost chromosomes. This study provides basic data on cytogenetic characteristics and evolution processes for the effective protection and rational development of this high-quality resource, P. dentex. |
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