Comparison of the epidemiology of ascochyta blights on grain legumes |
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| Authors: | Bernard Tivoli Sabine Banniza |
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| Institution: | (1) UMR INRA/Agrocampus Rennes, “Biologie des Organismes et des Populations appliquée à la Protection des Plantes” (BiO3P), BP 35327, Le Rheu Cedex, 35653, France;(2) Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Canada, S7N 5A8 |
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| Abstract: | Asochyta blights of grain legumes are caused by fungal pathogens in the genus Ascochyta. Different species infect the different legume species, and in pea three species including Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella have been implicated in ascochyta blight. The impact of the diseases varies between crops, countries, seasons and cropping
systems, and yield loss data collected under well-defined conditions is scarce. However, ascochyta blights are considered
major diseases in many areas where legumes are grown. Symptoms appear on all aerial parts of the plant, and lesions are similar
for most of the species, except for M. pinodes and P. medicaginis var. pinodella. Infected seed, stubble and/or air-borne ascospores are major sources of primary inoculum. Their importance varies between
species and also between regions. All Ascochyta spp. produce rain-splashed conidia during the cropping season which are responsible for the spread of the disease within
the crop canopy. Only in pea are ascospores involved in secondary disease spread. Limited data suggests that Ascochyta spp. may be hemibiotrophs; however, toxins characteristic for necrotrophs have been isolated from some of the species. Modelling
of ascochyta blights is still in the developmental stage and implementation of such models for disease forecasting is the
exception. |
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| Keywords: | Pea Faba bean Chickpea Lentil Ascochyta Mycosphaerella pinodes Phoma medicaginis Didymella Life-cycle |
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