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| 烯酰吗啉对葡萄叶际微生物区系影响研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 何涛,杜鸿燕,孙家秀,陈吉越,邓维萍,朱书生,何霞红,杜飞.烯酰吗啉对葡萄叶际微生物区系影响研究[J].植物病理学报,2022,52(3):443-458. |
| 作者姓名： | 何涛 杜鸿燕 孙家秀 陈吉越 邓维萍 朱书生 何霞红 杜飞 |
| 作者单位： | 云南农业大学农业生物多样应用技术国家工程中心,昆明 650201; 西南林业大学,昆明 650201 |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划重点专项（2018YFD0201301）； |
| 摘 要： | 为探究施用烯酰吗啉后不同葡萄叶际微生物群落变化,以田间‘红地球’品种葡萄为研究对象,连续施用农药烯酰吗啉,采集不同组别样品,利用 Illumina Hiseq 高通量测序技术分析葡萄叶际真菌、细菌群落结构变化。基于可操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units, OTUs)的物种分类分析,共得到葡萄叶际微生物真菌群落共计6个门,23个纲,60个目,131个科,212个属,296个种;细菌群落共计42个门,91个纲,222个目,398个科,846个属,1 469个种。在云南农业大学砂壤土质、篱架式栽培的‘红地球’葡萄基地中发现:(1)葡萄叶际优势真菌有枝孢菌属(Cladosporium)、白粉菌属(Erysiphe)、unclassified -k_-Fungi属和Symmetrospora属;优势细菌有乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、毛螺菌属(unclassified-f-Lachnospiraceae)、norank-f-Muribaculaceae属、芽孢杆属(Bacillus)、Blautia属和肠杆菌属(Kosakonia)。(2)经烯酰吗啉处理后,在健康葡萄叶片中其叶际真菌群落丰富度略降低,多样性显著增加,叶际细菌群落丰富度增加,多样性增加,但零星发病叶片中,叶际真菌、细菌群落丰富度和多样性则显著降低。(3)在零星发病葡萄叶片中,相对健康叶片,葡萄叶际真菌群落之间的差异被增大,而葡萄叶际细菌群落的差异被减小。(4)在健康及发病叶片中,相对丰度均上调的真菌为白粉菌属(Erysiphe)、球腔菌属(Mycosphaerella)、线黑粉酵母属(Filobasidium)、黑孢霉属(Nigrospora)、赤霉属(Gibberella)、被孢霉菌(Mortierella)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium),细菌为巨单胞菌属(Megamonas)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)和弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter);相对丰度均下调的真菌为枝孢属(Cladosporium)、壳针孢属(Septoria)、链格孢属(Alternaria)和担孢酵母属(Erythrobasidium);细菌为短小杆菌属(Kosakonia)鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas);推断这些菌对烯酰吗啉较为敏感。(5)施用烯酰吗啉农药对葡萄叶际微生物的影响在健康叶片与零星发病叶片中有差异,且有新的优势菌属出现。 |
| 关 键 词： | 烯酰吗啉 葡萄 叶际微生物 高通量测序 微生物多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-01 |
Effects of dimethomorph on the microflora of grape leaf |
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| HE Tao,DU Hongyan,SUN Jiaxiu,CHEN Jiyue,DENG weiping,ZHU Shusheng,HE Xiahong,DU Fei.Effects of dimethomorph on the microflora of grape leaf[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,2022,52(3):443-458. | |
| Authors: | HE Tao DU Hongyan SUN Jiaxiu CHEN Jiyue DENG weiping ZHU Shusheng HE Xiahong DU Fei |
| Institution: | National Engineering Center of Agricultural Biodiversity Application Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650201, China |
| Abstract: | In order to investigate the changes of microbial community in the leaves of different grape after the application of dimethomorph, the field ‘red earth’ grape was used as the research object, and the pesticide dimethomorph was applied continuously to collect samples from different groups, with the changes of the community structure of the fungi and bacteria in the grape leaf analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology using Illumina HiSeq. Based on the analysis of species classification of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), a total of 6 phylum, 23 classes, 60 orders, 131 families, 212 genera and 296 species were obtained. The bacterial community has 42 phylum, 91 classes, 222 orders, 398 families, 846 genera and 1 469 species. Conclusion: In the ‘red earth’ grape base cultivated in sandy soil and hedgerow of Yunnan Agricultural University, it was found that: (1) The dominant fungi among the grape leaves were Cladosporium, Erysiph, unclassified-k_- Fungi, symmetrospora; The dominant bacteria were Lactobacillius, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Enterococcus, unclassified-f-lachnospiraceae, norank-f-muribaculaceae, Bacillus, Blautia and Kosakonia. (2) After treatment with dimethomorph, the abundance and diversity of the leaf Fungi Community decreased slightly, the diversity increased significantly, the abundance and diversity of the bacterial community increased, but the richness and diversity of the leaf fungi and bacteria community decreased significantly in the sporadic leaves. (3) Among the leaves of sporadic grape, the difference between the leaf Fungi Community and the bacterial community in the leaves of grape was decreased. (4) In healthy and diseased leaves, the fungi with higher relative abundance were Erysiph, Mycospharella, Filobasidium, Nigrospora, Gibberella, Mortierella and Fusarium, and were the bacteria Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Campylobacter were the most common pathogens; Cladosporium, Septoria, Alternaria and Erythrobasidium were the fungi with lower relative abundance; The bacteria were Kosakonia and Sphingomonas; It is concluded that these bacteria were sensitive to dimethomorph. (5) The effect of dimethomorph pesticide on the microorganism in grape leaves was different between healthy leaves and sporadic leaves, and new dominant bacteria appeared. |
| Keywords: | dimethomorph grape phyllosphere microbial high-throughput sequencing microbial diversity |
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