| 无人飞机低容量喷雾中影响药剂对水稻纹枯病和二化螟防治效果的因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 兰波,杨迎青,陈建,雷良辉,徐荣仔,李湘民.无人飞机低容量喷雾中影响药剂对水稻纹枯病和二化螟防治效果的因素分析[J].农药学学报,2020,22(3):543-549. |
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| 作者姓名： | 兰波 杨迎青 陈建 雷良辉 徐荣仔 李湘民 |
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| 作者单位： | 江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南昌 330200;江西省丰城市农业技术推广中心,江西丰城 331100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划 (2016YFD0200808)；江西省水稻产业技术体系 (JXARS-02-04)；江西省现代农业协同创新专项 (JXXTCX201901) |
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| 摘 要： | 以广东极飞无人飞机P20为喷雾器械，以240 g/L噻呋酰胺悬浮剂和5%阿维菌素乳油为防治药剂，开展了无人飞机低容量喷雾中作业参数 (飞行高度和飞行速度)、喷雾用水量及喷头类型4个因素对水稻纹枯病、二化螟防治效果的影响评价。结果表明:在飞行速度的4个处理 (3、4、5、6 m/s) 中，药剂对水稻纹枯病、二化螟的防治效果均表现为飞行速度越慢，防效越高；在飞行高度的4个处理 (1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0 m) 中，药剂对水稻纹枯病、二化螟的防治效果均表现为作业高度为2.0和2.5 m的防效较高，且均显著高于作业高度为1.5和3.0 m的防效；在用水量的3个处理 (7.5、15.0、22.5 L/hm2) 中，药剂对水稻纹枯病、二化螟的防治效果均表现为用水量越多，防效越高，且三者之间的差异均达显著性水平；在两种类型的喷头中，离心式喷头 (极飞P20) 与压力式喷头 (大疆T16) 对水稻纹枯病、二化螟防效的影响均无显著性差异。根据以上结果优化的作业参数为:飞行速度3~4 m/s，飞行高度2~2.5 m，喷雾用水量为15.0~22.5 L/hm2。
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| 关 键 词： | 无人飞机 低容量喷雾 飞行速度 飞行高度 用水量 喷雾喷头 水稻纹枯病 水稻二化螟 防治效果 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-09-16 |
Analysis of factors affecting control effects of pesticide applications against rice sheath blight and Chilo suppressalis in low-volume spray by unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| Institution: | 1.Plant Protection Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China2.Fengcheng Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Fengcheng 331100, Jiangxi Province, China |
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| Abstract: | In this study, the effects of four factors, including flight parameters (flight speed and flight height), spraying-water volume and the type of sprayer-head on control efficacy of fungicide 240 g/L thifluzamide SC against rice sheath blight and insecticide 5% abamectin EC against Chilo suppressalis in low-volume spray by unmanned aerial vehicle Jifei 20 were investigated, respectively. 4 different flight speeds, i.e. 3, 4, 5, 6 m/s were tested. The results showed that the lower of flight speed, the higher of the control efficacies for both rice sheath blight and C. suppressalis. The evaluation of 4 different flight heights, i.e. 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 m, were also conducted, which demonstrated that with the flight heights of 2.0 or 2.5 m resulted in significantly higher efficacy against both rice sheath blight and C. suppressalis compared to those with 1.5 or 3.0 m. 3 different spraying-water volumes, i.e. 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 L/hm2, were studied which revealed that the increase of the spraying-water volume resulted in higher control efficacy. And the difference among the three treatments was significant for both rice sheath blight and C. suppressalis. In the experiments using two different types of sprayer-head, i.e, centrifugal and pressurized, the difference of control efficacy between them was not significant for both rice sheath blight and C. suppressalis. Hence, the optimal parameters are as follows: flight speed 3-4 m/s, flight height 2.0-2.5 m, and spraying-water 15.0-22.5 L/hm2, which will be an important guide for the control of rice pests by unmanned aerial vehicle. |
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